BOC Domain 4 Treatment and Rehab – Therapeutic Modalities Practice Test

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Thermotherapy is best placed in rehab during which phase?
Cryotherapy is best defined as the therapeutic use of cold accomplished by applying a device or substance cooler than what?
Cryostretch combines alternating cold application, passive stretch, and resistive muscle contraction to rehabilitate what kind of injuries?
Which statement defines transmission?
In a SOAP note, which section would most likely include a clinician's impression of the patient's progress after treatment sessions?
Continuous ultrasound on injury response process tends to do what?
Pulsed ultrasound uses higher instantaneous intensity due to what reason?
Compared with NSAIDs, acetaminophen is not associated with which adverse effect?
Massage can control pain by activating which systems?
Infection can begin to appear within what timeframe after exposure?
In the subjective portion of a SOAP note, which information goes there?
Which statement about electrode sizes is true in electrical stimulation?
What are the four phases of healing?
Which description best characterizes the remodeling phase of wound healing?
Which term is the time it takes for the concentration of drug molecules at the site of action to become large enough to cause a noticeable biological response?
During iontophoresis, which combination of medications and ion charges is described?
Which describes a therapeutic modality?
Which statement is true about diathermy effects?
Which heat transfer mechanism involves heat transfer through a moving medium such as air or water, causing temperature variations?
Which massage technique is used to induce a sedative effect?
In the near field, the energy distribution can be described as what?
Bone will become damaged if hit by ultrasound because
An intensity of 1.5-2.0 W/cm2 is typically what?
How many frequencies are listed for diathermy in the material?
Cryostretch combines cold therapy, static stretching, and which technique?
Which effect is aimed at preventing myositis ossificans?
What is the hallmark feature of vasculitis?
Which statement best defines negligence in a healthcare context?
Inflammation serves two purposes in tissue response. Which pair best describes these purposes?
Which drug is used as a muscle relaxant?
Ultrasound energy is absorbed by tissues primarily through which mechanism?
Fluidotherapy is best described as which kind of modality?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the female athletic triad?
An unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
Continuous ultrasound effect on wound healing includes which outcome?
CAT stands for which term in evidence-based practice?
What is the primary goal of Petrissage in massage?
After approximately 14 days post-injury, what type of care sets in?
Which parameter indicates how much of the treatment time the ultrasound is on?
The treatment area for ultrasound should be how many times larger than the transducer?
Joint mechanoreceptors are found in all of the following structures except:
Which term refers to the muscle contraction that causes movement?
______ is a type of electrotherapy used to reeducate muscle.
What amount of time may it take for complete remodeling of tissues to occur after a soft tissue injury?
Name the six classes of modalities.
Which modality is explicitly noted as increasing blood flow to tissues?
Type of summation that occurs when a number of subthreshold stimuli from same axon are repeated
As you move closer to the transducer, the intensity of the ultrasound waves changes how?
In the acute injury management using RICE, which statement is correct?
During crutch fitting, the elbow should be bent at approximately how many degrees?
How deep does 1-MHz ultrasound typically heat tissue?
What type of collagen is formed first in the proliferation stage?
Which term describes the effect of the drug on the body and the effect of the body on the drug?
What is the therapeutic ultrasound intensity range in watts per square centimeter (W/cm2)?
The effective radiating area describes the area of the sound head that emits energy, which is:
During a D2 extension pattern of the upper extremity, what is the proper timing sequence?
Which cells are active after an injury to begin building collagen?
Biphasic current is characterized by which feature?
Therapeutic ultrasound waves are typically described as which combination?
What is the most complex pain scale that uses pictures, scales, and words to describe pain?
A physical agent is used for treating injuries and includes which items?
According to the Decreased Injury Theory, cryotherapy primarily does what?
Match the diathermy method with its correct description: Induction method; Capacitive method; Drum method; Cable method.
What term describes the transfer of research between researchers and practitioners?
What is the typical treatment duration for ice immersion?
Pulsed diathermy mode is associated with which effect and stage?
Which mode is used to achieve heating in subacute conditions?
Which statement best defines a closed circuit?
Which term describes the average intensity over the beam area and the pulse duration?
According to the traditional decreased blood flow theory, what effect does cold have on swelling?
Ultrasound waves in tissue are which type of waves?
In induction methods of diathermy, how is energy delivered?
Flexibility describes which ability?
What term describes the procedures, actions, and processes a healthcare provider is permitted to undertake within the bounds of their professional license?
During inflammation, the injury is contained and stabilized and debris is removed.
Tissue healing is thought to occur predominantly through which effects?
Which combination of symptoms is commonly associated with Graves' disease?
What characterizes dose oriented ultrasound treatments?
When multiple sub stimuli converge on one cell body simultaneously, this is known as?
Which action is commonly associated with NSAIDs?
Heat production is related to which factor?
Which term refers to the practice of standard care and widely used therapies in treatment?
What is the primary purpose of Controlled Compression Therapy (CCT) units?
Which records should be kept?
The energy of a pulsed ultrasound wave during its on-time is called what?
A smaller ERA beam is described as which of the following?
Effleurage is described as which of the following?
the action of one agent on another that evokes activity in the receiving structure or agent
During healing, exercise increases oxygen delivery to tissues by which mechanism?
Ultrasound energy is absorbed by
Which of the following is NOT one of the seven tools for relieving pain?
What is the upward force experienced by a body submerged in a fluid that opposes gravity, giving the sensation of weightlessness in water?
What is the typical temperature range for an ice bath?
Which brain region is the final site for conscious perception of pain in the described pathway?
The phase where collagen synthesis and granulation tissue form is which?
To keep therapy within comfortable limits, intensity should be kept around which range?
Pulsed diathermy is associated with which healing change?
Contraindications are defined as situations in which a specific modality should not be used because it may cause harm.
Which types of meds are most commonly used in the treatment of epilepsy?
Which change in blood and fluid dynamics is described with diathermy?
Effleurage is a superficial, longitudinal stroke used to relax the patient. When applied toward the heart, it reduces swelling and aids venous return. What is another characteristic?
Positive feedback in neurons is defined as
Depth of cold penetration (4-5 cm) depends on which factors?
What is the pathway that pain takes in our body?
Why should the sound head be moved during ultrasound treatment?
Agility is best described as?
Which of the following are subcategories of acute care?
Sensory receptors located at the musculotendinous junction, which monitor active tension generated by the muscle during a contraction are called?
In the cable method, how are the cables arranged relative to the body part?
Which organ is the primary site of drug metabolism according to the source material?
Strengthening which muscle is vital for throwing athletes?
Nonthermal effects of ultrasound include which of the following?
Which option lists the full eight phases of injury as stated in the material?
Which statement best describes Phobia?
Which topical OTC antibacterial is a combination product that includes bacitracin?
What term identifies the maximum intensity within the ultrasound beam?
Personality Disorder is described as which of the following?
In isokinetic training, which variable is manipulated while the movement speed remains constant?
For pulsed ultrasound, which combination is most associated with nonthermal effects?
Mechanotherapy is a class of modalities that primarily uses which approach?
Intertrigo refers to which condition?
Which term is the study of the mechanism of action of drugs?
What is considered the best quality type of evidence in clinical decision making?
Static stretching is defined as which of the following?
Cavitation in ultrasound refers to gas bubble formation as a result of which effects?
A neoprene sleeve is typically used for which purpose?
Which of the following is an indication for neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)?
Transmission of energy across tissue boundaries is most affected by:
Isotonic Exercise is defined by which feature?
Which phenomenon is directly responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical waves in the ultrasound transducer?
Golgi tendon organs are sensory receptors located at the musculotendinous junction; they monitor active tension generated by the muscle during a contraction. What are they called?
What is the primary purpose of record keeping in clinical practice?
Which term correctly describes shear waves?
Enkephalin response blocks gate by interfering with which fibers’ transmission?
Thermal effect of diathermy compared with ultrasound is that heat is retained how long?
What is the recommended bucket immersion temperature for ice immersion?
In therapeutic ultrasound, what is the primary purpose?
Which massage stroke is described as a superficial, longitudinal stroke toward the heart to aid venous return?
Which goal among the orthopedic injury goals focuses on neuromotor performance and coordination?
In ultrasound, which parameter describes the energy delivered per unit area?
Record keeping serves several purposes. Which of the following is a direct purpose?
Which brain structure relays nociceptive signals from the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex in the described pain pathway?
Pulsed intensity is higher because?
Which parameter describes the beam quality in terms of intensity consistency?
Is there a vaccine to prevent Hepatitis C (HCV)?
Spatial average temporal average intensity represents which concept?
What diameter is specified for the treatment area in the material?
In dose oriented treatments, what is the role of the machine?
Ultrasound effects on inflammation include which of the following?
Percussion massage is commonly known as tapotement and is typically performed with which hand position?
Capacitive method is more ______ than induction method.
Using a 3 inch diameter sound head is associated with which outcome?
Reflection in ultrasound is best described as:
The induction method used in diathermy is primarily which type?
Isokinetic Exercise is defined by which characteristic?
Which item is NOT listed as a contraindication to ultrasound?
Ideally, underwater ultrasound would use which type of water?
In a longitudinal wave, the particle displacement is:
During the proliferation phase of wound healing, which events reach a peak to initiate granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis?
Which of the following lists represents the ten goals for orthopedic injury?
Which option is not a nonthermal effect of ultrasound?
What is the purpose of cryotherapy in relation to inflammation, swelling, or edema?
Type of repair where damaged cells are repaired by the same type of cell?
Micromassage moves what?
For an acute injury, which ultrasound setting is recommended?
Thermal diathermy applied to inflamed tissue is associated with which change?
Which scale is a horizontal line with anchor points at each end and descriptors spread along the line?
Which information belongs in the subjective portion of a SOAP note?
Spatial average density corresponds to?
Why are crushed ice packs more beneficial than gel packs?
In the lower extremity D1 flexion pattern, which combination of hip movements is performed?
Effective radiating area refers to what?
Which area is listed as a contraindication for ultrasound therapy?
Intensity in ultrasound refers to what?
To achieve a larger treated area, which ERA relationship is most appropriate?
Which item is NOT listed among the seven pain-relief tools?
The phase of healing focused on tissue strengthening and remodeling is which?
A patient presents with an acute foot injury and an antalgic gait. What should you do first?
Paraffin baths are used to treat subacute or chronic rheumatoid arthritis with joint stiffness and decreased ROM. What is the typical paraffin bath temperature?
Which section of a SOAP note would include range-of-motion measurements and other test results?
In a longitudinal ultrasound wave, particle displacement is what relative to the direction of travel?
Which of the following is NOT among the five common pain scales?
During remodeling, wound contraction is well under way, and Type III collagen is converted to Type I collagen to stabilize and restore the injury site.
What are the two types of pain nerve fibers?
Which of the following is an opioid analgesic?
Why is exercise important to healing?
Which term is defined as the minimal stimulus intensity required to trigger an action potential?
Which of the following is a systemic corticosteroid?
the minimal point at which a stimulus causes an action potential to occur
What is defined as the maximum force that can be applied by a muscle during a single maximal contraction?
Which statement best describes heating depth as frequency increases?
Myasthenia gravis is caused by a defect in the action of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions. This statement is:
The breakdown of the cell membrane and its organelles is best described as which ultrastructural change?
Which nonthermal effect is associated with immune response by phagocytosis stimulation?
What are the four phases of healing?
The female athletic triad consists of which components?
Which device is more effective in decreasing skin temperature during cryotherapy?
Which term best describes the ability to generate force quickly?
Mechanoreceptors respond to which type of stimuli?
Is there an immunization available for Hepatitis B (HBV)?
Which statement describes transmission of energy in tissue?
Injury response process and ultrasound: effects depend on which factors?
Which factors influence the depth of cold penetration during cryotherapy?
Why is RICE applied?
Approximately how many electrons correspond to one coulomb of charge?
Which term describes the ability to perform activities for an extended period of time?
Continuous Passive Motion is commonly used after which scenario?
Depression is characterized by which of the following symptoms?
When ultrasound energy encounters air, approximately what percentage is reflected?
For underwater ultrasound, the recommended immersion medium is which?
Which term denotes the branding assigned by the manufacturer to the drug?
Higher frequency ultrasound (3 MHz) will...
Which massage stroke milks deep tissues and increases venous and lymphatic return?
The rapid, controlled use of brief, rhythmic strokes is an example of which massage category?
Which statement correctly describes the five basic massage strokes?
In phonophoresis, what modality, intensity, and duration are typical?
Duty cycle in therapeutic ultrasound is defined as what?
Direct transfer of energy between two objects in physical contact is called which?
What is the relationship between ultrasound intensity and tissue temperature?
Which kind of trauma is classified as macrotrauma?
The term that defines the amount of power produced by an ultrasound unit is?
Vibration is best described as which of the following?
Functional braces are typically used for what purpose?
Spatial peak intensity refers to which characteristic of the ultrasound beam?
Which statement is not a goal of massage?
Adipose tissue has what kind of effect on ultrasound?
Which of the following is NOT one of the six classes of modalities?
In superficial wounds treated with diathermy, which practice should be avoided?
Which statement best describes typical NMES characteristics?
Where is Staphylococcus normally present?
Duty cycle refers to:
Aspirin is the most commonly used drug to relieve pain and inflammation. A normal dosage is 325 to 650 mg every 4 hours. What is the typical dosage range for aspirin?
Which of the following are listed as contraindications to diathermy?
Duty cycle is defined as the percentage of time that ultrasound is generated, which equals what?
What is the typical whirlpool immersion temperature for ice therapy?
Bone burning will cause a ______ pain
CAP stands for which term?
As the duty cycle of ultrasound approaches 100 percent, the thermal effects tend to which of the following?
Pulsed diathermy is associated with which of the following tissue changes?
The phase of injury in which ATP is produced is termed what?
Which three frequencies are listed for diathermy?
Which is an example of cryotherapy?
Which statement correctly defines MHz?
For a paraffin bath, what is the safe wax temperature and the maximum acceptable temperature before risk of burn?
What does RCT stand for in clinical research?
The Daily Adjustable Progressive Resistance Exercise (DAPRE) technique involves which structure?
During PNF stretching, a typical cycle includes which sequence?
In a general rehab progression, which component typically follows strength training?
Which information belongs in the objective portion of a SOAP note?
Thermal effect of diathermy states that heat is retained how many times longer than ultrasound?
During which healing phase do fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and collagen peak to begin granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis?
A larger ERA beam is described as which?
Bacillus is best described as which of the following?
Which statement best describes thermotherapy in rehabilitation?
Burst mode in electrical stimulation is defined as:
Tapotement uses which type of movements?
Total power in ultrasound therapy is measured in which unit?
Which modality would be most appropriate for heating deep tissues?
A chronic injury is ...
Which of the following is a valid coupling method for ultrasound?
The degree of caution and procedures required of an individual who is under a duty of care is termed what?
Which tissue response involves movement of ions under an electric field?
Which statement about inflammation is true?
Ultrasound waves are produced when alternating current causes a crystal to do what?
Which of the following is not a phase of healing?
Aspirin is described as the most commonly used drug to relieve pain and inflammation. This statement is best represented by which choice?
A fiber characteristics include which?
During continuous ultrasound, what should be done to intensity to minimize tissue damage?
A-delta fiber is defined as which of the following?
Which outcome is typical from massage?
Which type of exercise takes advantage of the stretch-shortening cycle, with rapid stretch followed by rapid concentric contractions?
Which ultrasound mode delivers energy continuously for the entire treatment time?
Which frequencies are used therapeutically?
Pulsed output in ultrasound is associated with what effect?
Spatial Average Temporal Average (SATA) intensity corresponds to?
Spatial average intensity is measured in which units?
Isometric Exercise is best described as which?
Clonic contraction is characterized by which pattern?
An injury of sudden onset, caused by high-intensity, short-duration forces; examples are sprains, strains, and contusions.
What is the maximum Beam Uniformity Ratio (BNR) that should not be exceeded in therapeutic ultrasound?
Absorption in tissue energy transfer refers to energy absorbed by which of the following?
Ultrasound can assist in reabsorption of which deposits in soft tissue?
Cryokinetics is best described as?
Which term denotes the non-proprietary name of a drug, not owned by anyone, representing its chemical identity?
What are the four types of sensory nerve fibers?
Continuous ultrasound is...
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is designed to do what?
Which of the following is an example of mechanotherapy?
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is thought to work by:
Treatment parameters for diathermy should be tailored to the patient.
What term refers to a reason to do something in treatment planning?
Bone burning from ultrasound is most likely associated with which type of pain?
What is the main component increased during the proliferation phase?
How are ultrasound waves produced in the transducer?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the remodeling phase?
Bioavailability is defined as what?
Which modality heats deep tissues using high-frequency electromagnetic waves?
Rehab Goals suggest that short-term goals should be what?
What goes in the assessment portion of a SOAP note?
What is the five-step application framework for immediate care?
If you limit the treatment area, what is the expected behavior of the waves?
In electrical stimulation, electrode size and placement primarily determine what?
The primary purpose of biofeedback is to help patients progress more quickly by:
The SAID principle implies that adaptations are what?
Which is NOT one of the five basic massage strokes?
Which term refers to scheduled drugs with abuse potential that require more stringent distribution, storage, and record-keeping?
Which are the four traditional sources of evidence listed for evidence-based practice?
What is cavitation?
Which phase is primarily concerned with capillary formation and collagen synthesis?
Which frequencies are used therapeutically?
Conduction is best described as which type of heat transfer?
What is the typical paraffin bath treatment time?
Which pain scale uses numbers and descriptors?
Which description matches the sensory mode of TENS for acute pain?
Which option is not among the common electrode types used in electrotherapy?
Chemotaxis is defined as what?
Which is the deepest form of massage and can loosen adherent fibrous tissue scars?
A chronic injury is defined as:
Which cell type is primarily involved in engulfing bacteria during acute injury healing?
What is a common reason for controversy in diathermy treatment studies?
Which gait is described as non weight bearing, often called swing-through gait?
The point at which something begins to hurt
Periosteal pain during ultrasound exposure typically indicates:
Which of the following is not a typical ultrasound effect?
Which acronym refers to a concise, critical summary of evidence on a focused clinical question?
Which material is not typically used as the active piezoelectric element in modern transducers?
A 1 MHz ultrasound beam tends to do what in tissue?
Under PCT, which component goes?
Which frequency provides deeper tissue penetration?
Is it true that a longer half-life implies a longer duration of drug effect?
Which drug is an NSAID?
Which interface is most reflective of ultrasound energy?
Lower BNR indicates what about the beam?
What is the typical duration for cryotherapy and its continuation period after injury?
Transverse waves in ultrasound are also known as:
Which of the following is listed as types of Personality Disorder?
What type of waves does diathermy emit?
Which modality among the seven tools is used for heating tissue?
Standing waves in ultrasound therapy are associated with:
In the systematic approach to selecting a modality, which step involves establishing criteria for developing each phase?
Which statement best captures ultrasound research controversies?
In Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome, which stage is characterized by ongoing adaptation after the initial alarm response?
Which scenario is considered a diagnostic imaging use of ultrasound?
Ultrasound and nerve conduction are reported to do which of the following?
The muscle that contracts to cause movement is known as the what?
The term 4X4 area in the material most closely describes which shape?
Inferential Current Therapy (IFC) is characterized by
After 14 days, what kind of care sets in?
Acute care refers to treatment of an acute injury during which time frame after injury?
Which statement about ultrasound controversy is true?
Neurapraxia is best described as which of the following?
Which term describes the process by which the transducer converts electrical energy into ultrasound energy?
Deep thermotherapy refers to modalities that cause what in deeper tissues?
As the duty cycle approaches 100%, what happens to the thermal effect?
Which modality should be used sparingly, if at all, with multiple sclerosis?
Which of the following is NOT a source of evidence for evidence-based medicine as described?
High-voltage pulsed stimulation may be used as an adjunct tx in controlling acute and chronic pain through what 2 mechanisms?
Which of the following describes the eight steps in clinical decision making?
What happens to the beam as distance from the transducer increases?
Which of the following is not a biophysical effect of diathermy?
Coulomb is defined as ...
What law states that like charges repel and unlike charges attract?
Ultrasound effects on inflammation include which of the following?
Which elements should be included on ultrasound equipment labeling?
Topical hydrocortisone OTC concentrations are:
Immersion technique is particularly used for treating which area?
Approximately how long after treatment might blood flow increase as a result of ultrasound?
Stable cavitation occurs when bubbles
Diathermy equipment can interfere with which of the following?
In a SOAP note, which section commonly documents the clinician's diagnosis?
Capacitive method is thermal through which mechanism?
Clonic contractions involve which physiologic pattern?
Russian electrical stimulation is designed to produce:
Capacitive diathermy tends to heat tissue more superficially than induction diathermy. True or False?
What is the primary purpose of record keeping?
Induction method is primarily which type?
Herpes simplex labialis is caused by which pathogen and commonly presents as what?
An example of mechanotherapy is:
Which component of the RICE approach is most closely associated with reducing swelling via elevation?
Protective knee braces are described as which of the following?
Which outcome is associated with friction massage?
A reaction that results from summation is called what?
The process of translating science from the research laboratory to clinical practice is termed what?
In crutch fitting, what distance is recommended between the axilla and the crutch pad?
Which statement is cited as a controversy in ultrasound research?
Which phenomenon is described as the transfer of radiant energy through space, such as infrared heat, without a medium?
In capacitive field diathermy, where are the electrodes placed?
3 MHz gets warm faster due to which characteristic?
Four weeks post-operatively after shoulder arthroscopy, a patient has limited abduction due to capsular stiffness. Which joint glide would be most appropriate to improve this motion?
In brief-intense TENS, the intensity is typically:
Typical phonophoresis parameters include:
High-volt pulsed current stimulation (HVPCS) is best described as which of the following?
What are the two settings for ultrasound?
The transfer of research between researchers and practitioners is termed what?
Which topical OTC antibacterial contains neomycin?
Petrissage consists of pressing and rolling the muscles under the fingers and hands. This milking action over deep tissues increases venous and lymphatic return and removes metabolic waste. Which statement describes Petrissage?
Higher frequency beam will
Which type of clinical trial is considered the best quality of evidence?
Which process involves the arrival and movement of white blood cells to the injured tissue?
When a skin area is anesthetized, it is best described as which?
Which medication is commonly used with ultrasound to enhance diffusion?
Which configuration describes the cable method in diathermy?
Ultrasound is used to manage which soft-tissue conditions?
The statement that compression of crystal leads to high particle density indicates:
Hepatitis B (HBV) attacks which organ?
How is Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmitted?
What does phonophoresis accomplish?
Continuous output in ultrasound is associated with what effect?
Which term describes applying high-quality evidence to patient care?
Which description matches Personality Disorder?
Which is a biophysical effect of diathermy?
Phase 3 has the ultimate goal of what?
BNR stands for what?
Which section of a SOAP note would contain recommendations for future therapy and timelines?
Which term describes converting electrical energy into acoustic energy in the transducer?
What best describes a rifle approach in therapeutic modalities?
What is the purpose of cryotherapy in inflammation, swelling, or edema?
What are the two types of electrotherapy described?
Which medication is a cephalosporin?
Which statement about acetaminophen is true?
For superficial wounds, diathermy is generally avoided because it can cause moisture.
Which statement about acetaminophen is true?
Which contraction occurs when the muscle contracts to increase tension but there is no change in length?
What is the reported effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound for 20 minutes on fracture healing?
Duty cycle in electrical stimulation is defined as the ratio of what to what?
How are ultrasound waves produced in the transducer?
What heat transfer method does diathermy primarily use?
RICE stands for?
Which healing phase is characterized by fibroblast activity and collagen realignment?
Which contraction occurs when the resistance is greater than the muscular force and the muscle lengthens while contracting?
The reflection of ultrasound at tissue interfaces mainly depends on differences in what property?
Pain during ultrasound can be caused by which factors?
Which technique is used to combine and summarize results of several studies?
High-voltage electrical stimulation is noted for several uses; which is NOT one of them?
Which combination of media is listed as usable for transmitting ultrasound?
Effleurage is a superficial, longitudinal stroke to relax the patient. When applied toward the heart, it reduces swelling and aids in venous return. It begins and ends each massage. Which statement about effleurage is true?
What does pulsed ultrasound imply?
Which pairing correctly describes the modes of diathermy application?
In whirlpool therapy, what effect does buoyancy have on the treated limb?
Which term describes the study focusing on how the body influences the drug, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion?
In pulsed ultrasound, which statement is true?
Pulsed ultrasound on the injury response process is associated with which of the following?
What does the acronym RCT stand for in the context of clinical research as described?
Which mechanism contributes to tissue heating during ultrasound?
The beam non-uniformity ratio (BNR) is defined as which of the following?
The coulomb is the basic unit of electric charge produced by approximately 6.28 x 10^18 displaced electrons.
Which term describes the muscle that is being stretched?
The capacitive diathermy method primarily produces heat by which mechanism?
The amount of ultrasound absorption depends on
Which statement describes refraction?
During the rarefaction phase of the crystal, density is?
Ultrasound waves propagate parallel to which direction?
Which effect would improve tissue extensibility?
The traditional decreased blood flow theory states what?
Record keeping provides three areas of communication. Which are they?
Which output mode is associated with nonthermal effects in therapeutic ultrasound?
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) occurs after what kind of event, according to the definitions?
What is the only NSAID used topically in the United States?
In the RICE protocol, when should compression be applied?
What is vasculitis?
Is a patient with a cardiac pacemaker a contraindication for diathermy?
The transmission of an ultrasound wave is described as which process?
Endorphin response works where?
Decreased injury theory states what?
Cryokinetics involve alternation of cold with what?
Why is pulsed ultrasound intensity higher than continuous intensity?
Which statement about multiple sclerosis and heat is true?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process is associated with which change?
An acute injury is best described as which of the following?
What effect does an increase in tissue resistance have on heating during diathermy?
Which medication is commonly used in phonophoresis?
NMES and TEN are forms of what category?
A larger ERA beam is described as which of the following?
Prilosec is an over-the-counter medication used for:
What does the SAID principle state?
Which drug is a tetracycline antibiotic?
To treat a smaller area, which sound head diameter would you select?
What is stated about pulsed diathermy controversy?
Which term represents the brand name owned by a pharmaceutical company?
Cryotherapy is usually applied for 20 to 30 minutes several times a day for maximum cooling of both superficial and deep tissues. How is this practice best described?
Using an ultrasound transducer as a stim produces stimulation that becomes electrical transmitted along with the ultrasound.
When too much energy is concentrated near bone during ultrasound, which symptom may occur?
Inflammation nonthermal diathermy mechanism involves which process?
What is the stated purpose of the pad (bladder) method?
NOCSAE certification for helmets ensures which of the following?
During epithelization, what is the main event occurring?
What goes in the plan of care portion of a SOAP note?
Which term represents the last phase listed in the eight phases of injury?
During the compression phase of the ultrasound crystal, which density is produced?
Which joints are commonly treated with CPM?
What effect does thermal diathermy have during the inflammatory response?
Which statement about nerve fibers is true?
The two types of tissue repair are?
What does a duty cycle value of 100 indicate?
Unstable cavitation is best described as gas bubbles that do what under ultrasound exposure?
Which phase comes after Proliferation in the healing sequence?
Pulsed ultrasound is associated with which type of effects?
Drug excretion involves?
Which kind of trauma is classified as microtrauma?
Which statement best explains the SAID principle?
What does gate control theory state?
Refraction in ultrasound involves waves doing what as they cross an interface?
Paraffin bath treatment time is typically
To emphasize nonthermal effects such as micro streaming, which parameter is most important to consider?
Which class of drugs is described as treating both cold and allergy symptoms?
What mode of operation is typically used to achieve nonthermal effects in ultrasound?
What is the first step in the eight steps of clinical decision making?
When should ultrasound treatment ideally begin after injury?
Which term refers to the standard of care that is widely accepted and reproducible?
3-MHz ultrasound heats tissue to a depth of
What is a hand dynamometer?
Which statement best describes the remodeling phase?
In the remodeling phase, what occurs to stabilize and restore the injury site?
What does the gate control theory state?
For an acute injury, ultrasound should be used with what duty cycle?
Why does a 3 MHz ultrasound beam heat tissue more quickly than a 1 MHz beam?
Which factor is NOT listed as affecting ultrasound outcomes?
Which phase involves remodeling of tissue and maturation of collagen?
Feedback from the muscles as to what they are doing during a particular activity is known as ______.
RICE stands for which sequence?
Which statement describes absorption?
Flexibility is best defined as the ability to move joints through their full ROM with ease in which wording?
Which phenomenon involves energy crossing a boundary and changing direction due to density differences?
Which of the following is listed as an advantage of phonophoresis?
Why can bone be damaged by ultrasound?
The three stages of care are?
The direct coupling method for ultrasound involves applying the transducer with which coupling agents?
What is the primary purpose of knowledge translation in healthcare?
What is the primary purpose of a sports bra?
Which effect targets reduction in pain and muscle spasm?
How long does emergency care last?
The nonthermal effect of ultrasound is called?
Which intensity range should be kept around for safety?
Which of the following is a desired therapeutic effect?
Which instrument would you use to measure grip strength in a clinical setting?
What mechanism explains heat production in short-wave diathermy?
What is the storage water temperature range for hydroculator hot packs?
Which statement best describes the overall effect of ultrasound on inflammation and healing according to the material?
Hepatitis C (HCV) infection: what percentage have no signs or symptoms?
In the eight-step clinical decision making process, what is the first step?
During hemostasis and inflammation, what is the main event?
Which of the following is an integration for clinical decision making?
The pad (bladder) method is used to accommodate irregularly shaped body parts by filling the pad with which substance?
What is the minimal point at which a stimulus causes an action potential to occur?
Which duty cycle values indicate pulsed ultrasound?
During which phase does blood vessel formation, capillary bedding, capillary arcade formation, and collagen synthesis occur?
What does bioequivalence compare?
A smaller ERA beam is associated with which description?
An example of electrotherapy is:
Record keeping supports communication in which three areas?
Unhappy triad involves injuries to which structures?
What is the primary purpose of using a coupling medium in ultrasound practice?
What is spatial peak intensity?
Continuous ultrasound is defined as:
Which statement best describes the energy delivery difference between pulsed and continuous ultrasound?
What term describes the action of one agent on another that evokes activity in the receiving structure?
Therapeutic ultrasound intensities are expressed in W/cm2 and range from
Which statement about diathermy safety and radio frequencies is true?
Nonthermal effects can cause which of the following cellular activities?
Continuous ultrasound effect on tissue healing includes which outcome?
A larger ERA beam is associated with which description?
Drug metabolism is best defined as?
Ultrasound and tissue elasticity are described as what effect?
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation stretching involves which features?
The term "half layer" in ultrasound refers to what?
Deep thermotherapy involves which of the following?
Which statement about Graves' disease is correct?
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of progression in rehab?
The term associated with persistent fear and avoidance of a stimulus is which?
In cryokinetics, after applying cold to numb the area, what is the recommended next step?
Continuous ultrasound is associated with which type of effects?
Which of the following is NOT among the listed goals for orthopedic injury rehabilitation?
Which statement is not listed as a diathermy effect on blood and fluid dynamics?
Pulsed ultrasound on wound healing is described as having which action on open wounds?
What is the primary purpose of using a gel-based medium in therapeutic ultrasound?
If an athlete needs to lose weight for health reasons, how many calories must his or her daily diet be reduced by in order to lose 1-2 lbs per week?
If cellular membranes and organelles are breaking down, this is best described as which?
An example of light therapy is:
Which statement best describes the secondary injury model?
Dynamic stretching before activity is described as which?
What is the reported effect of continuous ultrasound on the injury response process?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended step when fitting a football helmet?
What is Raynaud's phenomenon?
Convection is characterized by which statement?
Unstable cavitation is characterized by
Which of the following best describes Panic Attacks according to the material?
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TEN) is primarily used to depolarize sensory nerves to modulate pain. Which nerves are targeted?
Which statement best describes a property of stretching as it relates to Golgi tendon organs?
Which phase is characterized by an initial barrier of tissue being formed?
Which knee brace is designed to be worn during and after rehab to provide support during functional activities?
Cavitation refers to
What type of collagen is formed first in the proliferation stage?
Cystic fibrosis can involve which organs besides the lungs?
What does a 100% duty cycle indicate in continuous ultrasound?
What voltage range is used by high-voltage electrical stimulation?
Treatment of an acute injury during the first 4 days after the injury.
Standing waves in ultrasound therapy create which of the following?
Which item is part of the systematic approach to selecting a modality?
Which tissue has little effect on ultrasound transmission?
Electrical stimulating currents are classified into three categories. Which set lists all three correctly?
Which process is described as moving scientific knowledge from the research setting into day-to-day clinical practice?
A reaction that results from summation is called?
The healing phase characterized by reestablishment of the epithelial barrier is which?
Pregnancy is listed as a contraindication for ultrasound therapy. Which option reflects that?
A basketball player with a repeated ankle sprain returns for treatment and makes threats to leave if not helped. What would be the best response to this attention-seeking athlete?
KT stands for which term?
Which step follows administering a therapeutic intervention in the eight-step process?
Which current is specifically associated with muscle reeducation by producing isometric contractions?
Which type of repair involves damaged cells being repaired by the same type of cell?
The term 'effective radiating area' refers to what?
In burst mode, after the burst interval ends, the current:
Which sequence describes an open chain condition where the limb is off the ground?
What is the generalized model of processes that occur after an acute injury?
A hockey helmet should fit in which manner?
What is the typical ultrasound frequency range used therapeutically?
Which type of pain scale uses descriptors and no numbers?
Cognitive function may be affected by all of the following except:
In ultrasound, the coupling medium is used to ...
Electrical therapy is used to:
Thermotherapy refers to which modality?
What are hot whirlpools recommended temperature and duration?
In a transverse (shear) wave, the particle displacement is:
Which medication category is used with ultrasound and is a steroid?
Ptosis is
In partial weight bearing gait (3-point gait), how are crutches used?
Static electricity is best described as what?
What type of crystal acts as the piezoelectric element in ultrasound transducers?
The process by which immune cells engulf and remove debris is known as?
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of progression in rehab?
Which statement about NSAIDs is true?
Circuit training is effective for improving which two fitness components?
Continuous ultrasound is associated with thermal effects.
Intensity in this context refers to what?
Conduction is the direct transfer of energy between two objects in physical contact with each other. What is necessary to initiate this transfer?
In the described pain pathway, which structure acts as the relay between the spinal cord and cerebral cortex?
Which statement best describes how ultrasound energy is transformed within tissues to produce heat?
Paraffin baths are used to treat which conditions?
What are the four sensations an athlete will experience with the application of cryotherapy?
Pulsed Shortwave therapy uses high frequency electromagnetic waves in pulsed mode to produce non-thermal and thermal effects, and is particularly effective for heating what?
Tapotement uses sharp, alternating, brisk hand movements, such as hacking, slapping, beating, cupping, and clapping, to increase blood flow and stimulate peripheral nerve endings. Which is Tapotement?
Which of the following is a true composite statement about diathermy biophysical effects?
Endorphin and enkephalin are examples of which type of mediators?
Using ultrasound at 1.5 W/cm2 for 10 minutes can increase tissue temperature by approximately
In biomechanics, which statement best defines stress?
Which term describes activity requiring oxygen and typically associated with long-distance running?
In continuous ultrasound, what is the duty cycle and effect?
What constitutes direct coupling for ultrasound?
What is the duty cycle in ultrasound therapy?
What is a protective spasm of the muscular abdominal wall called?
Which term describes the average energy of a single pulsed ultrasound wave?
Ice application is typically continued for how long after the injury?
During epitheliazation, the main event is
What are the two induction configurations used in diathermy?
An example of hydrotherapy is:
Isokinetic exercise is best described by which statement?
The pad (bladder) method is used to accommodate irregularly shaped body parts by filling the pad with what?
Energy is located on the sound head in which position?
Petrissage is best described as which action?
A stimulus below threshold is called which?
There are 4 types of common noxious stimuli, what are they?
Why is exercise important to healing?
What does a lower BNR indicate?
Which tissue type has relatively little effect on ultrasound propagation?
Which statement best describes the endogenous modulators discussed?
Which modality is considered among the four healing modifiers?
An example of thermotherapy is:
During remodeling, which process occurs?
Which statement best describes the relationship between ultrasound intensity and tissue temperature?
Which statement best describes the role of TENS in pain management?
If a drug distributes extensively into body tissues, what can be inferred about its volume of distribution?
Which scale captures qualitative descriptions of pain across multiple dimensions?
Which drug is used to treat gout by lowering uric acid levels?
Spatial average temporal peak intensity describes the average intensity during which period?
Polydipsia is most commonly a symptom of which condition?
Pulsed ultrasound intensities are associated with which effect at 1.5-2 W/cm2?
Reflection in ultrasound is described as waves moving in which direction?
Anxiety disorders can cause which of the following symptoms?
Energy is located in the sound head in which location?
Rarefaction of the crystal results in:
Which massage stroke involves rapid oscillatory movements?
Which modality is used for drug delivery via iontophoresis?
Which of the following is an effect of cold application?
During hemostasis and inflammation, what is the main event occurring?
Which parameter defines the rate of energy absorption per tissue area in diathermy?
What physiological effects occur under the cathode (negative pole) of an electrical stimulator?
Which quantity is defined as energy per unit time?
A peripheral nerve that carries sensations, including nociceptive stimuli that result in acute pain; larger and faster-acting than C fibers.
In tissue mechanics, how is stress defined?
In capacitive field diathermy, how are the electrodes placed?
Which of the following is a healing phase?
Which is a common goal of electrical therapy in rehabilitation?
Cystic fibrosis is best described as
Dexamethasone (Decadron) is
Acoustical streaming describes
What are the 4 healing modifiers?
Which statement correctly describes the drum method?
What is a therapeutic modality?
Which content goes in the assessment portion of a SOAP note?
HBV is most commonly spread through which routes?
The mechanism by which damaged cells release signals to recruit other cells is called what?
Half-life describes the rate at which a drug disappears from the body through which processes?
How long does emergency care typically last?
Enkephalin response blocks gate by interfering with which fibers?
Which term describes the molecular site where a drug interacts to produce a biological effect, typically a receptor or enzyme?
Heat production during ultrasound treatment is related to which concept?
Which PNF technique is NOT a strengthening technique?
How should electrodes be applied relative to muscle fibers?
What is the half layer depth in ultrasound terminology?
During a lower extremity D1 flexion PNF pattern, what movements are taking place at the hip?
Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome involves the initial mobilization of resources to cope with a stressor?
Which scale uses a straight line with endpoints labeled to indicate pain intensity?
What are the three stages of care?
Which is the third stage of care?
Activity on a neuron that when it returns facilitates future activity on that neuron
Which modalities can be used in Phase 2?
Continuous Ultrasound and tissue healing mentions which of the following processes?
Radiation in therapeutic heating refers to energy transfer in which form?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process involves which cell type?
How are the electrodes arranged in Inferential Current Therapy to target an area of pain?
A smaller ERA beam is described as which?
Morton's neuroma is most commonly located between which metatarsals?
After a rotator cuff repair, which muscle needs strengthening?
Anaerobic exercise is characterized by which of the following?
What does extension lag mean?
What does Specific Absorption Rate measure?
What is the correct sequence of tissue healing?
In the ankle sprain rehab progression, which type of exercise typically follows isometric exercises?
Cold application commonly leads to which of the following changes?
Phase 1 may last up to how many days?
Which modality category includes ice packs and cold whirlpool?
In fluidotherapy, the therapeutic temperature range is normally set to which of the following?
Russian electrical stimulation is designed to produce what kind of contraction?
Hydrophilic drugs are characterized by being what?
In the shoulder, posterior instability requires avoiding which combination of motions?
Which outcome aligns with tissue extensibility improvement when using ultrasound?
What sensations are reported with brief-intense TENS?
Which of the following is an example of hydrotherapy?
Myasthenia gravis is best described as
SAID stands for which principle?
What does biofeedback provide to support patient progress?
Which option is NOT one of the four integrations for clinical decision making?
Wound healing is enhanced with which ultrasound modality?
In capacitive diathermy, what happens to the treated body part?
According to the cosine law, the maximal heating effect occurs when energy strikes tissue at which angle?
What ultrasound parameter is associated with increasing the breaking strength of a healing incision when used continuously?
Which content goes in the plan of care portion of a SOAP note?
Pulsed ultrasound is associated with nonthermal effects.
Which frequency is used for deeper tissue heating?
Which pair are pain nerve fibers according to the material?
Which term describes summation when multiple sub stimuli converge on a neuron at the same time?
What is formed when a phagosome fuses with a lysosome?
Which term describes a stimulus that does not reach the threshold to trigger an action potential?
Why is the repair response so limited in the articular cartilage of a joint after an injury in the adult athlete?
McKenzie extension exercises are used for degenerative disk disease and postural dysfunction.
A contrast bath is used to achieve which physiological effect?
Compression of the piezoelectric crystal results in:
Which term corresponds to the field describing the time-related processing of a drug by the body, including absorption and elimination?
According to Maitland's five grades of joint motion, which grade would be most appropriate when joint movement is limited by pain and spasm?
Which technique is used to combine results from multiple studies into a single estimate?
Which contraction involves the muscle shortening to overcome or move resistance?
If the treatment area size is small, what is the expected consequence, according to the material?
Pain during treatment can be caused by which of the following?
1-MHz ultrasound heats tissue to a depth of
Best practice (standard of care, standard therapy) is defined as treating a specific patient's specific condition in the way that will lead to resolution of the condition in the most complete and expedient manner possible; treatment that experts agree is appropriate, accepted, widely used, and reproducible.
Which type of electrical stimulator is considered subsensory?
Phase 1 begins immediately after injury and may last up to 4 days. What is its primary focus?
What is the typical maximum depth of penetration achievable with cryotherapy?
Type of summation that occurs when several subthreshold stimuli from the same axon are repeated?
Diaphoresis is defined as which of the following?
Polydipsia is best defined as which symptom?
How long does immediate care last?
When ultrasound waves encounter bone, what may occur to the wave type?
Which technique increases tissue extensibility by mobilizing dense connective tissue and aligning collagen fibers?
Give an example of cryotherapy.
Pulsed ultrasound intensities are typically in which range?
Hyperemia is defined as
The D2 flexion pattern of the hip engages which muscle groups?
Which stretching technique is described as the technique of choice before activity?
Panic Attacks are best described as which of the following?
Which rehab phase is designated for injuries that require surgical repair?
Which category of electrical stimulation uses a continuous, non-pulsed current?
What is the result when ultrasound waves encounter an interface with density differences?
Which scale is the most complex pain scale, using pictures, scales, and words to describe pain?
Longwave diathermy is the oldest method and is not used commonly anymore. Which option lists the other three diathermy modes?
Duty cycle approaching 100% results in greater thermal effect. True or False?
Spatial Average Temporal Average (SATA) intensity is a measure of what?
What is the correct order of the RICE acronym as it is commonly taught?
Ultrasound is used to manage which of the following soft-tissue conditions?
What is the purpose of a disperse electrode or stim pad in ultrasound therapy?
Pulsed ultrasound on wound healing has what effect on open wounds?
Swelling and edema often occur during which process?
In relation to injury response, diathermy is described as providing which effect?
Biophysical effects of diathermy include which of the following?
Which exercise modality provides excellent means for rehab?
Which term defines the ability of a muscle group to repeatedly exert force against resistance for multiple repetitions?
For skin lesions and ulcers, what ultrasound frequency is recommended?
What is the process by which subthreshold stimuli add together to evoke a response?
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is described as which of the following?
Which technique combines traction with varying amounts of stretch to produce a moderate sustained force on the muscle and its fascia to lengthen them?
Ultrasound and tissue elasticity: what is the described effect?
Which labeling is required on ultrasound equipment?
Direct current is defined as which of the following?
What happens when tissue resistance increases during diathermy?
Which is a common adverse effect of an opioid analgesic?
How fast should you move the transducer during therapeutic ultrasound?
Which massage technique is described as a long, gliding stroke that begins and ends a session?
Spatial average intensity is measured in which units?
Injury response processes treated with ultrasound are influenced by which factors?
What is the reported continuous effect of ultrasound on tissue healing?
Agility in movement is defined as what?
Cryostretch is defined as alternating cold application, passive stretch, and resistive muscle contraction for rehabilitating which condition?
Stable cavitation occurs when gas bubbles compress under high pressure and decompress under low pressure. Which option best describes this process?
The largest 1-22 micrometers in diameter nerve fiber; conducts action potentials the most rapidly (5-120 m/sec). Some A fibers are sensory; others have a motor function.
Where is the primary location for ATP production in skeletal muscle?
Continuous Shortwave Diathermy (CSWD) is used to achieve which of the following effects?
As distance increases, the beam becomes more uniform. This statement is:
Standing waves in therapeutic ultrasound create which effect?
What is a major advantage of Inferential Current Therapy over Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)?
Which condition occurs when the foot or hand is in contact with the ground, bearing weight?
Which waveform configuration is used with high-voltage pulsed monophasic stimulation to minimize superficial tissue damage?
Increasing the duty cycle during therapeutic ultrasound will most directly increase which of the following?
Contraindications are ...
In electrotherapy, the coupling medium is also called ...
Which of the following is a pro of phonophoresis?
How deep does 3-MHz ultrasound typically heat tissue?
In electrotherapy, what does the bipolar technique entail?
Which option is NOT a component of the secondary injury model?
The local response of the body to an injury or irritant is termed what?
The two types of pain relief are?
What would be a functional skill for a patient in an ankle rehabilitation program?
Which statement accurately describes how ERA size affects beam directionality?
If hyperventilation does not adequately increase the O2 supply in the blood during aerobic exercise, what must occur to meet the gas exchange demands?
Which statement best describes thermotherapy in rehabilitation?
What is the purpose of a disperse electrode?
Which statement best defines conversion in energy modalities?
Endorphin response works in which part of the nervous system?
Pulsed ultrasound is associated with what effect on open wounds?
Which type of inflammation occurs when the inflammatory response cannot eliminate the cause or restore normal function?
During remodeling what is happening?
Which chain occurs when the foot or hand is in contact with the ground and weight bearing?
Tapotement movements include which of the following?
When rehabilitating a cervical strain, the athletic trainer must maintain the integrity of which region?
In therapeutic modality duty cycles, what value indicates continuous delivery?
Which brain region is the final destination in the described pain pathway before conscious perception?
In the drum configuration for diathermy, what item is essential?
In the motor mode for chronic pain, which statement is true?
Cryokinetics is best described as which of the following?
A SOAP note is best described as?
Temporal summation is the type of summation that occurs when
If the transducer is moved closer to the tissue, the intensity is:
Which term lists the five cardinal signs and symptoms of injury?
Which NSAID is selective for COX-2?
Plyometric exercises utilize which sequence?
Which term describes a concise, focused summary used to answer a clinical question after reviewing evidence?
What is proprioception?
Energy transmission depends on density changes during which wave phases?
Acoustical streaming causes movement of particles toward which direction?
Which pain scale uses descriptors and no numbers?
In the systematic approach to selecting a modality, which step involves assessing the limitations the injury places on modality selection?
In continuous ultrasound, spatial peak intensity is determined by which parameter?
Refraction in ultrasound occurs when:
The total power of ultrasound is measured in which unit?
Which is a primary effect of massage on soft tissues?
KT is an acronym for which concept in knowledge translation?
What is a commonly cited issue contributing to controversy over diathermy studies?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process is associated with an increase in which protein-related process?
Friction is described as which of the following?
Which diathermy type is seldom used in the US due to contraindications?
Best practice (standard of care) refers to which concept?
In remodeling, what happens to the capillary arcade and collagen?
Hyperemia is defined as which of the following?
What is a major advantage of HVPCS?
The half-life of a drug refers to which concept?
What is the typical sensation progression during NMES, and what is the minimum pulse rate stated?
Which of the following is NOT an NSAID?
Spatial Average Temporal Peak (SATP) intensity is defined as?
What is the maximum recommended Beam Uniformity Ratio (BNR) value?
The term that describes the inability to fully move a joint due to the length of the muscle is:
If energy strikes a body part at an angle away from 90°, what happens to absorption?
Which value describes pulsed duty cycle as indicated in the source?
Which are the four types of sensory nerve fibers listed in the material?
Hydrophobic drugs are typically what?
In underwater ultrasound, the ideal immersion medium is which of the following?
Diathermy has which effect on blood and fluid dynamics?
What are the seven tools for relieving pain?
Cold whirlpools are typically used at what temperature range for how long?
Which statement accurately distinguishes acetaminophen from aspirin?
If ultrasound is applied at a lower intensity, what adjustment is suggested?
Which statement best describes typical phonophoresis parameters?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a therapeutic reason?
Which term best describes the study of how drugs produce their effects at the cellular level, including receptor interactions?
What term denotes the time required for the amount of drug in the blood to be reduced by half?
Daily adjustable progressive resistive exercise (DAPRE) is characterized by which protocol?
Drug distribution refers to the movement of the drug where?
In Cryokinetics, the body part is numbed for 10-20 minutes before the initial exercise and alternated numbness and exercise at least how many times?
Which muscle is NOT a primary external rotator of the shoulder?
What is the standard treatment time for ice immersion?
Cold urticaria presents as which of the following after cold exposure?
Shear waves are which type of waves?
Which statement describes the role of fibroblasts in tissue repair?
Is ultrasound recommended for acute injuries?
What is a potential drawback of the immersion technique mentioned in the material?
For fractures, pulsed ultrasound with low intensity for 20 minutes is claimed to increase healing of which types?
CAT stands for what in evidence-based medicine?
Hydrotherapy modalities include which of the following?
Which of the following is a tissue response indicating a sustained muscle contraction?
In Cryostretch, how long should the ice remain on before stretching?
Phobia is defined as which of the following?
Pulsed diathermy healing is associated with an increase in which process?
Which pain scale is described as a horizontal line with anchor points at each end and descriptors spread along the line?
Where in the spinal cord is the gate control mechanism located according to the theory?
At the cellular level, ultrasound can cause which change to tissue permeability?
A treatment area limited to 1 inch in diameter corresponds to which larger area?
Which movements should be avoided for posterior instability of the glenohumeral joint?
Isometric exercise is best described as which of the following?
Which term describes any agent used to treat any microorganism, including bacteria, fungi, or viruses?
Which of the following is a nonthermal effect of ultrasound?
KT stands for which term?
What must be present in the drum diathermy configuration to manage moisture?
Type of repair where damaged cells are replaced with simpler cells?
Which scale has a line with contrasting descriptors at either end?
Which statement best describes Russian stimulation?
Which characteristic promotes absorption of a drug across lipid membranes?
Which intensity is usually too hot for therapeutic ultrasound?
Mental illness is defined as which of the following?
Which of the following is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma?
Which drug is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma?
What is the recommended whirlpool temperature range for ice immersion?
In pulsed diathermy, what does the controversy revolve around?
HBV can survive in dried blood for at least how long?
Grave's disease is the most common form of which endocrine disorder?
MHz stands for what?
Vibration consists of finite, gentle, rhythmic movement of the fingers to vibrate the underlying tissues. It is used for relaxation or stimulation. Which describes Vibration?
Hot whirlpools are typically used at what temperature range for how long?
Which term best describes a phase marked by increased vascular permeability?
What is the recommended cold whirlpool temperature and duration?
Evaluation describes which process in patient care?
The signal to the rest of the body that cells have been damaged is produced by which mechanism?
Which of the following is an example of mechanotherapy?
What does megahertz (MHz) indicate in ultrasound therapy?
Which fiber carries nociceptive signals associated with acute pain and is larger and faster-acting than C fibers?
Which modality causes a tissue temperature rise in deeper tissues?
Which criterion is commonly cited as a limitation in ultrasound research?
For an acute injury, ultrasound is used with what duty cycle?
Injured cells suffer secondary injury from two main causes. What are they?
How long does immediate care typically last?
Which of the following is NOT a stage of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome?
Adipose tissue has what effect on ultrasound?
During Phase 3, which types of training are emphasized?
Induction methods of diathermy involve placing the body part into what?
What four factors comprise the systematic approach to selecting a modality?
Brief-intense TENS is also known as noxious TENS. Which of the following characterizes it?
During proliferation, what is occurring?
What are the two types of pain nerve fibers?
Which of the following are contraindications to diathermy?
Which therapy uses cold as a treatment to reduce inflammation by lowering tissue temperature?
Which statement best describes collagen during healing?
Ultrasound is commonly used for which diagnostic imaging purpose?
Which tissue property is a primary determinant of ultrasound absorption?
Using ultrasound at 1.5 W/cm2 for 10 minutes can increase tissue temperature by approximately how many degrees Fahrenheit up to 2.5 cm deep?
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) units are designed to:
Activity on a neuron that, when it returns, facilitates future activity on that neuron is called?
What is a major disadvantage of PNF stretching?
Which statement about isotonic external rotation exercises is accurate?
Which of the following is a penicillin antibiotic?
The definitions provided describe Personality Disorder as involving disturbances in multiple domains including which of the following?
For a transverse wave, the particle displacement is oriented relative to the direction of propagation as?
Which of the following numbers is not listed as a diathermy frequency?
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is described as occurring in individuals who have suffered a very traumatic event and is associated with which symptoms?
Mood disorders include which of the following?
Wound healing is enhanced with which ultrasound mode?
Which of the following is a goal for orthopedic injury rehabilitation?
What best describes cryokinetics?
For acute injuries, should ultrasound be applied in pulsed or continuous mode?
Which item is a subcategory of acute care?
Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of injury?
What is the recommended intensity range for superficial wounds when using pulsed ultrasound at 20% duty cycle?
Nonthermal ultrasound is associated with which effect?
Which component is described as undergoing compression and rarefaction to generate waves?
How many cardinal signs and symptoms of injury are listed?
Beyond diagnostic imaging, ultrasound can be used for which purpose?
Which of the following is NOT one of the six classes of modalities?
Activity on a neuron that when it returns prohibits future activity on that neuron
What are the typical water temperatures for whole-body and extremity whirlpool treatments?
What is the final step of the eight-step clinical decision making process?
Which set of numbers listed corresponds to the diathermy frequencies in the material?
Bone grows via a process of apposition and resorption on its surface. Which cells are responsible for the resorption of bone during its growth or repair?
Which of the following is a common crystal material referenced for ultrasound transducers in older equipment?
Radiation in therapy refers to the transfer of energy in the form of what, without physical contact?
Which item is listed as an impediment to implementing evidence-based practice (EBP)?
The bipolar technique uses:
What happens to high peaks and valleys of intensity as distance increases?
Which statement describes the capacitive diathermy method?
Which of the following best describes the pharmacologic management of epilepsy?
What are heat-producing currents in the body that are formed by a magnetic field that is externally applied in short-wave diathermy called?
Lymph-edema Pump therapy typically lasts how long per session and how many times per day?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a factor that affects ultrasound?
The secondary injury model encompasses three things; what are they?
Which conditioning component is needed to perceive the position of the foot as it lands on the ground after the swing phase of gait?
Which statement reflects a nonthermal effect that promotes tissue remodeling?
Which anatomical feature is explicitly listed as a contraindication for ultrasound therapy?
In brief-intense TENS, what electrode placement technique is MOST commonly used?
Nonthermal ultrasound can stimulate which of the following immune-related processes?
Which of the following is an example of light therapy?
Brief-Intense mode stimulates which fibers?
Which effect relates to healing fractures?
Why could diathermy interfere with radio communications?
Petrissage increases venous and lymphatic return and removes metabolic waste from the injured area. True or False?
What are the three major types of bacterial infections described?
During the healing process, which phase is primarily associated with stopping bleeding?
During inflammation, ultrasound can move tissues into which healing phase?
Mobilizing and transporting pathogens from the injury site through vessels is described as which process?
Which modality is designed to produce an isometric contraction and is useful in muscle reeducation?
Which option is NOT listed as a source of evidence for evidence-based practice in the material?
Which observation describes how ultrasound energy behaves at a boundary where density changes, with some energy continuing to the next tissue?
What risk is associated with not moving the sound head during treatment?
Contrast bath therapy involves:
The amount of ultrasound energy absorbed by tissue primarily depends on which tissue characteristic?
CAP stands for which term?
In the remodeling phase, which change describes the capillary network?
Which statement best describes the role of a density change at a boundary in ultrasound?
Which of the following is not a component of the RICE protocol?
During which phase do neutrophils and macrophages arrive at the damage site?
A combination of speed of movement and coordination; developed as skill patterns are performed quickly, usually with sport-specific team drills.
Which term describes a person who facilitates the exchange of knowledge between researchers and practitioners?
Paranoia is described as which of the following?
Core stability training aims to improve strength, neuromuscular control, power, and endurance of muscles in which regions?
Which pain scale is named for a questionnaire used to assess pain quality?
There are 4 types of common noxious stimuli, what are they?
Which of the following describes a therapeutic use of iontophoresis?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four aspects of progression in rehab?
Spatial summation is described as
DAPRE is characterized by performing maximal repetitions during which sets?
Which term describes moving research findings into practical use in healthcare?
Which option is NOT a typical purpose of keeping records?
Which statement best defines a therapeutic modality?
Which sequence represents the pain pathway from stimulus to cerebral cortex as described?
What does intensity describe in ultrasound therapy?
Spatial peak intensity is measured in which units?
An unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
Phase 2 activities should help maintain which aspects?
When using a lower intensity, you should do what?
What happens to a 1 MHz ultrasound beam when it travels through tissue?
What is a stretching exercise that consists of a 'stretch and hold' position called?
Continuous Shortwave Diathermy (CSWD) is used to accomplish which of the following?
Which mechanism best explains how capacitive diathermy delivers energy to tissue?
Which activity demonstrates Plyometric Exercise?
Which of the following are signs and symptoms commonly associated with HIV infection?
Which statement about reflection is true?
In energy modalities, what is conversion?
Diathermy effects on injury response includes which characteristic?
According to the cosine law, the maximal therapeutic effect occurs when energy rays strike the body at what angle relative to the tissue surface?
For continuous ultrasound operated underwater, the water should be:
What is the efferent response to sensory information commonly called?
In immersion technique, which areas may cause patient discomfort due to pressure?
Which sequence correctly lists the four steps to the orthopedic injury model?
Secondary injury to injured cells is caused by two main factors, which are?
When ultrasound waves hit bone, what happens to the wave type according to the material?
Acoustical streaming causes which phenomenon?
What is the minimum distance required between electrodes in iontophoresis?
Which of the following describes a primary physiological response to cold application?
Seasonal Affective Disorder is most likely to occur during which season?
Which statement best describes biofeedback in rehabilitation?
Neurapraxia typically heals in approximately how long?
Which best describes impediments to implementing evidence-based practice (EBP)?
Energy transmission in ultrasound relies on density changes during which phases?
Which items should be kept as records?
Where are the plate electrodes placed in capacitive field diathermy?
In electrotherapy, what is the purpose of a coupling medium?
Which statement best describes SATA intensity?
What is the paraffin bath temperature range?
Adipose tissue and diathermy: what is the consideration?
Which type of pain scale uses numbers and descriptors?
Convection heat transfer occurs when which occurs?
In bipolar technique, what is the effect of using equal-size electrodes on current distribution?
Volume of distribution refers to what?
Which characteristic defines high-voltage electrical stimulation?
Which section would contain the plan of care?
During the inflammation phase, which occurs?
What is cold urticaria?
Which frequency is preferred for heating superficial tissues?
Which statement is not described as part of the injury response effects of diathermy?
Which term is defined as repetitively moving soft tissue back and forth over the underlying bone with minimal joint movement?
Which organisms are the three most common bloodborne pathogens?
The muscle opposite the agonist, which lengthens when the agonist contracts to move a limb, is called the what?
Which is a valid direct coupling agent for ultrasound?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process is associated with which cellular mediator?
What is the typical progression order for strengthening exercises?
Contrast bath therapy involves ...
Ultrasound can be used for both therapeutic heating and diagnostic imaging.
Which class includes laser therapy and other light-based treatments?
What is the diameter range for A fibers?
What is the correct sequence for rehab of a grade II ankle sprain?
What is the typical bucket immersion temperature for ice baths?
Progression in rehab follows the SAID principle which states the body adapts in specific ways to implied demands. This is known as the:
Pulsed ultrasound is characterized by which of the following?
The near field of an ultrasound beam is characterized by which intensity pattern?
What is the main event during epithelization?
What is the direct mechanism by which the transducer emits ultrasound?
What is the heat transfer method used in diathermy?
Which of the following best represents the sensory nerve fiber types mentioned?
Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) is a modality that primarily moves a joint through a preset arc of motion. It is commonly used after which procedures?
If continuous ultrasound is used, water should be what temperature?
What are the two settings used for ultrasound therapy?
Which actions do the rhomboid muscles perform to stabilize the scapula?
What type of ultrasound wave is used in tissue therapy?
The area of the brain that assists in controlling movement is ______.
Which modality among the seven tools is used for cooling tissue?
Which statement is true about the cable method?
Alternating current is defined as which of the following?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between bone pain and ultrasound exposure in this material?
Ultrasound should not be used for fractures at which sites?
Which term refers to the specific chemical compound a medicine is made of and is not owned by anyone?
Which of the following is NOT typically included in facet dysfunction treatment?
The overload principle states that exercise must push muscles to work at a higher level than they are accustomed to. Which option best represents this idea?
Isotonic exercise typically involves which characteristic?
Continuous diathermy mode is primarily associated with which effect and stage?
Which of the following is an example of electrotherapy?
During the acute phase, which is a typical use of high-voltage electrical stimulation?
Which term describes summation when subthreshold stimuli from the same axon are repeated?
Which organization establishes minimum safety standards for protective helmets used in football, baseball, softball, and lacrosse?
During isotonic external rotation of the glenohumeral joint in shoulder rehabilitation, which muscle is primarily involved?
Diathermy uses what kind of waves?
What is the primary intent of cold application immediately after injury?
What is the reported effect of continuous ultrasound on blood flow after treatment?
In the eight steps of clinical decision making, which action is performed after establishing goals?
What is the primary intent of cold application immediately following injury?
How is negligence defined in this context?
What is a neurapraxia?
Which statement correctly describes the energy localization on the sound head?
Diathermy is the therapeutic use of what to heat deep tissues?
The buoyant (upward) force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Which statement describes this principle?
Convection is described as a more rapid heat transfer process than conduction and occurs when what moves across the body?
Which term best defines the average energy of a single pulsed ultrasound wave?
What is the typical duration of a cryotherapy session for maximum cooling?
Specific absorption rate measures what?
Activity on a neuron that, when it returns prohibits future activity on that neuron is called?
What term describes the procedures, actions and processes a healthcare provider is permitted to undertake within the terms of their professional license?
Which term is the study of the factors that affect the time course of the drug's events?
Which of the following is a goal among the 10 goals for orthopedic injury rehabilitation?
For continuous ultrasound in wound healing, a frequency around 1 to 1.5 MHz for about 5 minutes daily is associated with which outcome?
Which sound head diameter is associated with treating a bigger area?
A commonly cited limitation in diathermy research is that studies tend to be small.
The PTSD description in the material emphasizes which symptoms?
Which phase follows the cellular response in tissue healing?
Which modality could interfere with radio frequencies?
Diathermy is defined as the therapeutic use of what to heat deep tissues?
The secondary injury model encompasses three factors. Which set correctly lists them?
At a tissue interface, what primary ultrasound phenomenon occurs due to impedance mismatch?
Which statement is NOT listed as an effect of diathermy on blood and fluid dynamics?
For the pad (bladder) method, what should you do with the pad?
ICD codes are used to classify which aspect of medical care?
A dry, nonproductive cough is most commonly caused by what?
What does the production of black, tar-like stools indicate?
Which term describes the ability to perform activities for an extended period focusing on heart and lung function?
Biofeedback is described as what process?
The crystal used to generate ultrasound in most transducers is best described as?
When multiple sub stimuli converge on one cell body simultaneously
What is the recommended treatment area size relative to the transducer?
After rehab, which brace is used to prevent recurrent injury while maintaining ROM?
Continuous Passive Motion is a modality that applies an external force to move the joint through a preset arc of motion. It primarily is used postsurgically at the knee, after knee manipulation, or after stable fixation of intra-articular and extra-articular fractures of most joints, such as the hand, wrist, hip, shoulder, elbow, and ankle. What is CPM primarily used for?
Which type of ultrasound wave propagates parallel to the direction of travel?
Passive insufficiency occurs when which condition is true?
Which section would document tests and evaluative measures?
Isokinetic training is best defined as generation of a muscular force with visible joint movement that occurs at a constant speed but with variable external resistance.
Which statement is true about acetaminophen?
During electrical stimulation, which electrode is the cathode?
To decrease tissue damage, continuous intensity should be?
What best describes a shotgun approach in therapeutic modalities?
Streptococcus is commonly found in which areas of the body?
Nonthermal diathermy effects on inflammation include which cellular process?
What frequency range is commonly cited for continuous ultrasound in wound healing?
Which nerve fiber conducts action potentials the most rapidly?
When rehabilitating a musculoskeletal injury, what is the proper progression of treatment?
Which effect indicates improved circulation?
Which medication is NOT a predisposer to heat illness?
A biphasic electrical current is defined as:
What is required for the drum method to be effective?
Which of the following is an example of an acute injury?
The near field is used for which purpose?
Galvanic current is another name for which category of electrical stimulation?
In the acute phase of an ankle injury, whirlpool water temperature should be set to what range?
Which term correctly describes the basic unit of charge produced by 6.28 x 10^18 electrons?
The pad method is especially used for which body parts?
Ultrasound effects on nerve conduction include which of the following?
The process of digesting cellular debris is called what?
Spatial average temporal average intensity is best described as which quantity?
Which natural crystal is a piezoelectric material used in some ultrasound devices?
What are the two types of anxiety disorders mentioned?
What term describes a process by which subthreshold stimulus add together to evoke a response?
Which non-opioid analgesic is commonly used for mild to moderate pain and lacks anti-inflammatory properties?
Permeability increases in blood vessels during which phase of injury?
Phonophoresis uses ultrasound to enhance absorption of which substances?
How often must ultrasound equipment be calibrated?
At the cellular level, ultrasound can cause micro streaming that increases what?
Examples of chronic injuries include:
KT stands for which term?
During proliferation, what is occurring?
Paranoia is best described as which of the following?
Which of the following is not typically listed as a therapeutic purpose of modalities?
Therapeutic ultrasound is contraindicated for fractures involving which area?
What is the primary use for ultrasound?
CAP stands for which of the following?
Which condition is characterized by color changes in the digits due to vasospasm triggered by cold or emotional stress?
Which statement best describes how frequency affects the depth of heating?
During remodeling, which statement best describes the relationship between capillary changes and collagen restructuring?
Which is a therapeutic goal of deep heating?
In electrotherapy, what term describes the substance that facilitates the transmission of electrical current from the electrodes to the skin?
In the far field, as distance increases, the beam tends to become more what?
Which of the following best describes ultrasound effects on fibroblast activity during inflammation?
Which sequence correctly lists the four healing phases in order?
Why move the sound head during ultrasound therapy?
Aspirin dosage used for pain relief and inflammation is typically which?
What is a SOAP note?
Which modalities are used for deep healing in Phase 3?
Which type of exercises may be safely initiated immediately after knee surgery?
Which item is included in the recommended records to keep?
What is the recommended management for all open wounds?
Which five pain scales are commonly used?
What term refers to a reason not to do something in treatment planning?
The two types of pain relief are?
Which crystal material is used in the ultrasound transducer?
Which term describes the overall energy carried by the ultrasound waves per unit area?
What does the term 'half layer' help estimate in ultrasound treatment planning?
Why is applying RICE recommended after an injury?
In the orthopedic injury model, what event occurs directly after leukocytes engulf bacteria?
Which statement best describes drugs used for cold and allergy management?
When diathermy is used over adipose tissue, what is the primary safety concern?
What is the correct order of the three healing phases?
Record keeping can help identify which item to support communication within a clinic?
What is the second phase in the listed sequence of injury phases?
The size of the crystal inside the ultrasound machine primarily affects which aspect of the beam?
Which statement best describes the near field in ultrasound therapy?
The burst mode in electrical stimulation is defined as...
Which type of knee brace is designed to be used rehabilitatively following surgical repair to allow controlled progressive immobilization?
What does continuous ultrasound imply?
Which of the following best describes bone resorption during growth or repair?
Nonthermal effects can result in which change to blood flow?
High-voltage pulsed monophasic generators deliver current to deep tissues without damaging superficial tissues and are used for pain modulation. What type of waveform is used with this type stimulation?
What is a reported effect of ultrasound on nerve conduction?
Limiting the size of the treatment area in ultrasound therapy causes the waves to do what?
Neurapraxia typically presents with which combination?
Which of the following best lists the four healing modifiers?
Which statement about the pad (bladder) method is true?
Stretching is used to improve which of the following?
Which wound types are commonly recognized in wound management texts?
Penicillins, tetracycline, and sulfonamides are examples of what category?
The half-life of a drug is determined by which processes?
In the objective portion of a SOAP note, which information goes there?
Phase 2 is characterized by which timing and duration?
Which rehab phase begins immediately after injury and focuses on swelling control and pain modulation using RICE?
External muscular force available for useful work is the result of which factors EXCEPT?
Which of the following is a therapeutic effect sought with modalities such as ultrasound?
What does a contrast bath achieve in subacute or chronic injuries?
Which statement best defines isometric exercise?
For continuous ultrasound, the main effect is?
Acute care has three subcategories, what are they?
Negative feedback in neurons is defined as
CAP stands for which term in the material?
Which type of repair involves damaged cells being replaced with simpler cells?
Friction is the deepest form of massage and consists of deep, circular motions performed by the thumb, knuckles, or ends of the fingers at right angles to the involved tissue. These deep circular movements can loosen adherent fibrous tissue scars, aid in the absorption of an edema, and reduce localized muscular spasm. Which describes Friction?
Brief-intense TENS is characterized by stimulating C fibers and producing burning, needling sensation with twitch and tetanic contractions; beat frequency varies and intensity is higher than sensory TENS. Which statement is true?
Iontophoresis is used to deliver what therapeutic effect locally?
What is stated about Microcurrent Electrical Nerve Stimulation (MENS) in the material?
Which pain scale has a line with contrasting descriptors at either end of the line?
Cryotherapy refers to which concept?
Which massage stroke is superficial, longitudinal toward the heart and helps venous return?
What is one purpose of Controlled Compression Therapy Units (CCT)?
The point at which something begins to hurt
Which mode is used to achieve nonthermal effects in acute conditions?
Which effect is described by micromassage in nonthermal ultrasound?
Ballistic stretching is best described by which of the following?
Which therapy combination includes alternating cold, passive stretch, and resistive contraction to address acute strains?
Which is an example of thermotherapy?
Phonophoresis is best described as:

BOC Domain 4 Treatment and Rehab – Therapeutic Modalities Practice Test

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