BOC Domain 4 Treatment and Rehab – Therapeutic Modalities Practice Test

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Diathermy can reach deeper tissues than some modalities, and here’s why it mattersWhich statement is true about diathermy effects?

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Therapeutic ultrasound intensities are expressed in W/cm2 and range from
Ultrasound effects on inflammation include which of the following?
A contrast bath is used to achieve which physiological effect?
A physical agent is used for treating injuries and includes which items?
Which type of clinical trial is considered the best quality of evidence?
In the acute injury management using RICE, which statement is correct?
Which option lists the full eight phases of injury as stated in the material?
Which fiber carries nociceptive signals associated with acute pain and is larger and faster-acting than C fibers?
Duty cycle approaching 100% results in greater thermal effect. True or False?
Which of the following is an opioid analgesic?
What does gate control theory state?
the minimal point at which a stimulus causes an action potential to occur
Pulsed ultrasound on the injury response process is associated with which of the following?
Which conditioning component is needed to perceive the position of the foot as it lands on the ground after the swing phase of gait?
Plyometric exercises utilize which sequence?
Continuous ultrasound effect on wound healing includes which outcome?
Which is a common adverse effect of an opioid analgesic?
In electrotherapy, what does the bipolar technique entail?
Longwave diathermy is the oldest method and is not used commonly anymore. Which option lists the other three diathermy modes?
How deep does 1-MHz ultrasound typically heat tissue?
Which statement best defines negligence in a healthcare context?
Compression of the piezoelectric crystal results in:
Which term denotes the branding assigned by the manufacturer to the drug?
Which option is not a nonthermal effect of ultrasound?
Which term describes the study focusing on how the body influences the drug, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion?
Herpes simplex labialis is caused by which pathogen and commonly presents as what?
Convection is characterized by which statement?
In Cryostretch, how long should the ice remain on before stretching?
What is a therapeutic modality?
Activity on a neuron that when it returns prohibits future activity on that neuron
Ultrasound waves are produced when alternating current causes a crystal to do what?
Which factors influence the depth of cold penetration during cryotherapy?
For a paraffin bath, what is the safe wax temperature and the maximum acceptable temperature before risk of burn?
Which term describes a person who facilitates the exchange of knowledge between researchers and practitioners?
An injury of sudden onset, caused by high-intensity, short-duration forces; examples are sprains, strains, and contusions.
Functional braces are typically used for what purpose?
Ultrasound effects on nerve conduction include which of the following?
After rehab, which brace is used to prevent recurrent injury while maintaining ROM?
For an acute injury, which ultrasound setting is recommended?
Rehab Goals suggest that short-term goals should be what?
Induction method is primarily which type?
What are the two induction configurations used in diathermy?
High-voltage pulsed monophasic generators deliver current to deep tissues without damaging superficial tissues and are used for pain modulation. What type of waveform is used with this type stimulation?
Nonthermal diathermy effects on inflammation include which cellular process?
Which activity demonstrates Plyometric Exercise?
After a rotator cuff repair, which muscle needs strengthening?
Which nerve fiber conducts action potentials the most rapidly?
A fiber characteristics include which?
Which acronym refers to a concise, critical summary of evidence on a focused clinical question?
Effleurage is a superficial, longitudinal stroke used to relax the patient. When applied toward the heart, it reduces swelling and aids venous return. What is another characteristic?
In the objective portion of a SOAP note, which information goes there?
Isokinetic exercise is best described by which statement?
Bacillus is best described as which of the following?
Daily adjustable progressive resistive exercise (DAPRE) is characterized by which protocol?
Continuous output in ultrasound is associated with what effect?
Which brain structure relays nociceptive signals from the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex in the described pain pathway?
Which NSAID is selective for COX-2?
A treatment area limited to 1 inch in diameter corresponds to which larger area?
If a drug distributes extensively into body tissues, what can be inferred about its volume of distribution?
Which term describes the molecular site where a drug interacts to produce a biological effect, typically a receptor or enzyme?
What must be present in the drum diathermy configuration to manage moisture?
Which statement best captures ultrasound research controversies?
Which is an example of thermotherapy?
What is a reported effect of ultrasound on nerve conduction?
Which term describes summation when subthreshold stimuli from the same axon are repeated?
To decrease tissue damage, continuous intensity should be?
Which statement best describes biofeedback in rehabilitation?
Percussion massage is commonly known as tapotement and is typically performed with which hand position?
Which contraction occurs when the muscle contracts to increase tension but there is no change in length?
What is the most complex pain scale that uses pictures, scales, and words to describe pain?
When ultrasound waves hit bone, what happens to the wave type according to the material?
Which medication is NOT a predisposer to heat illness?
To treat a smaller area, which sound head diameter would you select?
Cryokinetics involve alternation of cold with what?
Lower BNR indicates what about the beam?
The definitions provided describe Personality Disorder as involving disturbances in multiple domains including which of the following?
Where in the spinal cord is the gate control mechanism located according to the theory?
Record keeping provides three areas of communication. Which are they?
Inflammation nonthermal diathermy mechanism involves which process?
Which statement correctly describes the five basic massage strokes?
What is the typical bucket immersion temperature for ice baths?
In the cable method, how are the cables arranged relative to the body part?
Which option is NOT a component of the secondary injury model?
Diathermy effects on injury response includes which characteristic?
Which statement best describes thermotherapy in rehabilitation?
Drug metabolism is best defined as?
Which chain occurs when the foot or hand is in contact with the ground and weight bearing?
Which of the following is NOT typically included in facet dysfunction treatment?
Which information belongs in the subjective portion of a SOAP note?
Spatial Average Temporal Average (SATA) intensity corresponds to?
Which statement about ultrasound controversy is true?
The amount of ultrasound energy absorbed by tissue primarily depends on which tissue characteristic?
The term that defines the amount of power produced by an ultrasound unit is?
What happens to the beam as distance from the transducer increases?
For fractures, pulsed ultrasound with low intensity for 20 minutes is claimed to increase healing of which types?
Which term describes the muscle that is being stretched?
What is the typical temperature range for an ice bath?
Which effect is aimed at preventing myositis ossificans?
Which pain scale uses numbers and descriptors?
What is the correct sequence of tissue healing?
The degree of caution and procedures required of an individual who is under a duty of care is termed what?
How deep does 3-MHz ultrasound typically heat tissue?
What are the four phases of healing?
To keep therapy within comfortable limits, intensity should be kept around which range?
The mechanism by which damaged cells release signals to recruit other cells is called what?
Four weeks post-operatively after shoulder arthroscopy, a patient has limited abduction due to capsular stiffness. Which joint glide would be most appropriate to improve this motion?
Friction is the deepest form of massage and consists of deep, circular motions performed by the thumb, knuckles, or ends of the fingers at right angles to the involved tissue. These deep circular movements can loosen adherent fibrous tissue scars, aid in the absorption of an edema, and reduce localized muscular spasm. Which describes Friction?
Which frequencies are used therapeutically?
Clonic contractions involve which physiologic pattern?
Which of the following is a goal among the 10 goals for orthopedic injury rehabilitation?
Which statement best describes typical phonophoresis parameters?
The three stages of care are?
Which frequency provides deeper tissue penetration?
According to the traditional decreased blood flow theory, what effect does cold have on swelling?
What is a neurapraxia?
Which intensity is usually too hot for therapeutic ultrasound?
For an acute injury, ultrasound is used with what duty cycle?
Hepatitis B (HBV) attacks which organ?
Type of summation that occurs when a number of subthreshold stimuli from same axon are repeated
Limiting the size of the treatment area in ultrasound therapy causes the waves to do what?
Duty cycle is defined as the percentage of time that ultrasound is generated, which equals what?
Which term describes any agent used to treat any microorganism, including bacteria, fungi, or viruses?
Which outcome is associated with friction massage?
What is the primary goal of Petrissage in massage?
Feedback from the muscles as to what they are doing during a particular activity is known as ______.
Depression is characterized by which of the following symptoms?
At the cellular level, ultrasound can cause which change to tissue permeability?
Myasthenia gravis is caused by a defect in the action of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions. This statement is:
In fluidotherapy, the therapeutic temperature range is normally set to which of the following?
Which of the following are signs and symptoms commonly associated with HIV infection?
Which of the following is NOT one of the six classes of modalities?
What is the purpose of a disperse electrode or stim pad in ultrasound therapy?
What best describes a shotgun approach in therapeutic modalities?
Which of the following is a pro of phonophoresis?
Which is the third stage of care?
Which kind of trauma is classified as macrotrauma?
If ultrasound is applied at a lower intensity, what adjustment is suggested?
Which frequency is preferred for heating superficial tissues?
Which sequence represents the pain pathway from stimulus to cerebral cortex as described?
Transverse waves in ultrasound are also known as:
What four factors comprise the systematic approach to selecting a modality?
Core stability training aims to improve strength, neuromuscular control, power, and endurance of muscles in which regions?
The total power of ultrasound is measured in which unit?
The PTSD description in the material emphasizes which symptoms?
Which sequence correctly lists the four steps to the orthopedic injury model?
Which drug is a tetracycline antibiotic?
There are 4 types of common noxious stimuli, what are they?
Why is the repair response so limited in the articular cartilage of a joint after an injury in the adult athlete?
Which term best describes the ability to generate force quickly?
Which drug is used to treat gout by lowering uric acid levels?
What is the typical treatment duration for ice immersion?
Which nonthermal effect is associated with immune response by phagocytosis stimulation?
BNR stands for what?
Which effect would improve tissue extensibility?
Which statement best describes how frequency affects the depth of heating?
Which is a common goal of electrical therapy in rehabilitation?
Which combination of media is listed as usable for transmitting ultrasound?
Polydipsia is best defined as which symptom?
How many cardinal signs and symptoms of injury are listed?
Which characteristic defines high-voltage electrical stimulation?
Which section would contain the plan of care?
Which statement best describes Russian stimulation?
Which of the following is NOT one of the six classes of modalities?
In a longitudinal wave, the particle displacement is:
Acoustical streaming causes which phenomenon?
Isometric Exercise is best described as which?
Which of the following is not a typical ultrasound effect?
Which modality is considered among the four healing modifiers?
The signal to the rest of the body that cells have been damaged is produced by which mechanism?
What does pulsed ultrasound imply?
During a D2 extension pattern of the upper extremity, what is the proper timing sequence?
Intensity in ultrasound refers to what?
Which modalities can be used in Phase 2?
During hemostasis and inflammation, what is the main event?
An intensity of 1.5-2.0 W/cm2 is typically what?
What is the typical duration for cryotherapy and its continuation period after injury?
Which therapy uses cold as a treatment to reduce inflammation by lowering tissue temperature?
Typical phonophoresis parameters include:
Galvanic current is another name for which category of electrical stimulation?
Which crystal material is used in the ultrasound transducer?
Which class includes laser therapy and other light-based treatments?
Which non-opioid analgesic is commonly used for mild to moderate pain and lacks anti-inflammatory properties?
Anaerobic exercise is characterized by which of the following?
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is described as which of the following?
Brief-intense TENS is characterized by stimulating C fibers and producing burning, needling sensation with twitch and tetanic contractions; beat frequency varies and intensity is higher than sensory TENS. Which statement is true?
Which of the following is an integration for clinical decision making?
Continuous Passive Motion is a modality that applies an external force to move the joint through a preset arc of motion. It primarily is used postsurgically at the knee, after knee manipulation, or after stable fixation of intra-articular and extra-articular fractures of most joints, such as the hand, wrist, hip, shoulder, elbow, and ankle. What is CPM primarily used for?
Nonthermal effects of ultrasound include which of the following?
What is the storage water temperature range for hydroculator hot packs?
What does the production of black, tar-like stools indicate?
What is the second phase in the listed sequence of injury phases?
Burst mode in electrical stimulation is defined as:
Coulomb is defined as ...
During the compression phase of the ultrasound crystal, which density is produced?
What is a major disadvantage of PNF stretching?
Which knee brace is designed to be worn during and after rehab to provide support during functional activities?
What is the upward force experienced by a body submerged in a fluid that opposes gravity, giving the sensation of weightlessness in water?
Which modality causes a tissue temperature rise in deeper tissues?
Which of the following are contraindications to diathermy?
During proliferation, what is occurring?
Therapeutic ultrasound waves are typically described as which combination?
In continuous ultrasound, what is the duty cycle and effect?
The crystal used to generate ultrasound in most transducers is best described as?
The Daily Adjustable Progressive Resistance Exercise (DAPRE) technique involves which structure?
Which option is not among the common electrode types used in electrotherapy?
For an acute injury, ultrasound should be used with what duty cycle?
If the treatment area size is small, what is the expected consequence, according to the material?
Which of the following is a true composite statement about diathermy biophysical effects?
For a transverse wave, the particle displacement is oriented relative to the direction of propagation as?
Paraffin baths are used to treat which conditions?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a therapeutic reason?
According to the cosine law, the maximal heating effect occurs when energy strikes tissue at which angle?
Which section would document tests and evaluative measures?
What is the reported effect of continuous ultrasound on the injury response process?
The area of the brain that assists in controlling movement is ______.
Approximately how many electrons correspond to one coulomb of charge?
The healing phase characterized by reestablishment of the epithelial barrier is which?
CAP stands for which term?
A larger ERA beam is associated with which description?
Which statement about acetaminophen is true?
What are the typical water temperatures for whole-body and extremity whirlpool treatments?
What are hot whirlpools recommended temperature and duration?
Enkephalin response blocks gate by interfering with which fibers’ transmission?
Nonthermal ultrasound can stimulate which of the following immune-related processes?
An example of hydrotherapy is:
What best describes cryokinetics?
Which tissue type has relatively little effect on ultrasound propagation?
What is the diameter range for A fibers?
Which statement best defines conversion in energy modalities?
Direct current is defined as which of the following?
The bipolar technique uses:
Which frequency is used for deeper tissue heating?
What is the first step in the eight steps of clinical decision making?
Which of the following is an example of mechanotherapy?
A reaction that results from summation is called what?
What is the recommended whirlpool temperature range for ice immersion?
The burst mode in electrical stimulation is defined as...
the action of one agent on another that evokes activity in the receiving structure or agent
The rapid, controlled use of brief, rhythmic strokes is an example of which massage category?
Which of the following best describes Panic Attacks according to the material?
For skin lesions and ulcers, what ultrasound frequency is recommended?
Streptococcus is commonly found in which areas of the body?
When rehabilitating a musculoskeletal injury, what is the proper progression of treatment?
The SAID principle implies that adaptations are what?
Polydipsia is most commonly a symptom of which condition?
What is the efferent response to sensory information commonly called?
What are the four types of sensory nerve fibers?
Immersion technique is particularly used for treating which area?
Which term best describes a phase marked by increased vascular permeability?
Convection heat transfer occurs when which occurs?
Which statement best describes the relationship between ultrasound intensity and tissue temperature?
Which organ is the primary site of drug metabolism according to the source material?
Pulsed ultrasound intensities are typically in which range?
Which device is more effective in decreasing skin temperature during cryotherapy?
Hot whirlpools are typically used at what temperature range for how long?
Treatment parameters for diathermy should be tailored to the patient.
Heat production during ultrasound treatment is related to which concept?
Which statement describes transmission of energy in tissue?
Which effect is described by micromassage in nonthermal ultrasound?
What is the reported effect of continuous ultrasound on blood flow after treatment?
During hemostasis and inflammation, what is the main event occurring?
Isometric exercise is best described as which of the following?
What does phonophoresis accomplish?
Cognitive function may be affected by all of the following except:
An example of thermotherapy is:
Which of the following is NOT listed as a factor that affects ultrasound?
A hockey helmet should fit in which manner?
What is the recommended cold whirlpool temperature and duration?
Which is NOT one of the five basic massage strokes?
What is the primary purpose of knowledge translation in healthcare?
Iontophoresis is used to deliver what therapeutic effect locally?
What is a commonly cited issue contributing to controversy over diathermy studies?
Capacitive method is thermal through which mechanism?
Which brain region is the final site for conscious perception of pain in the described pathway?
Which item is NOT listed as a contraindication to ultrasound?
The buoyant (upward) force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Which statement describes this principle?
Which sequence correctly lists the four healing phases in order?
For continuous ultrasound in wound healing, a frequency around 1 to 1.5 MHz for about 5 minutes daily is associated with which outcome?
During remodeling, which process occurs?
According to the cosine law, the maximal therapeutic effect occurs when energy rays strike the body at what angle relative to the tissue surface?
Which drug is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma?
A peripheral nerve that carries sensations, including nociceptive stimuli that result in acute pain; larger and faster-acting than C fibers.
In cryokinetics, after applying cold to numb the area, what is the recommended next step?
Why is applying RICE recommended after an injury?
What does extension lag mean?
How should electrodes be applied relative to muscle fibers?
Endorphin response works in which part of the nervous system?
What is the minimal point at which a stimulus causes an action potential to occur?
Therapeutic ultrasound is contraindicated for fractures involving which area?
The muscle opposite the agonist, which lengthens when the agonist contracts to move a limb, is called the what?
Examples of chronic injuries include:
In the drum configuration for diathermy, what item is essential?
Shear waves are which type of waves?
Tapotement uses which type of movements?
Continuous ultrasound is...
Grave's disease is the most common form of which endocrine disorder?
The reflection of ultrasound at tissue interfaces mainly depends on differences in what property?
What is spatial peak intensity?
MHz stands for what?
During a lower extremity D1 flexion PNF pattern, what movements are taking place at the hip?
Which statement correctly defines MHz?
Which exercise modality provides excellent means for rehab?
Conduction is best described as which type of heat transfer?
Cryotherapy is best defined as the therapeutic use of cold accomplished by applying a device or substance cooler than what?
Using ultrasound at 1.5 W/cm2 for 10 minutes can increase tissue temperature by approximately how many degrees Fahrenheit up to 2.5 cm deep?
Which of the following is a common crystal material referenced for ultrasound transducers in older equipment?
Which contraction involves the muscle shortening to overcome or move resistance?
Which content goes in the plan of care portion of a SOAP note?
Diathermy is the therapeutic use of what to heat deep tissues?
Total power in ultrasound therapy is measured in which unit?
The muscle that contracts to cause movement is known as the what?
The near field of an ultrasound beam is characterized by which intensity pattern?
In a longitudinal ultrasound wave, particle displacement is what relative to the direction of travel?
Which movements should be avoided for posterior instability of the glenohumeral joint?
Negative feedback in neurons is defined as
Half-life describes the rate at which a drug disappears from the body through which processes?
Pulsed ultrasound is characterized by which of the following?
Which statement best describes drugs used for cold and allergy management?
What are the two settings used for ultrasound therapy?
Diathermy uses what kind of waves?
Tapotement uses sharp, alternating, brisk hand movements, such as hacking, slapping, beating, cupping, and clapping, to increase blood flow and stimulate peripheral nerve endings. Which is Tapotement?
At the cellular level, ultrasound can cause micro streaming that increases what?
After approximately 14 days post-injury, what type of care sets in?
Which category of electrical stimulation uses a continuous, non-pulsed current?
In pulsed diathermy, what does the controversy revolve around?
Which phase comes after Proliferation in the healing sequence?
Which of the following is a systemic corticosteroid?
Which ultrasound mode delivers energy continuously for the entire treatment time?
Which section of a SOAP note would include range-of-motion measurements and other test results?
Which is the deepest form of massage and can loosen adherent fibrous tissue scars?
Effleurage is a superficial, longitudinal stroke to relax the patient. When applied toward the heart, it reduces swelling and aids in venous return. It begins and ends each massage. Which statement about effleurage is true?
Which of the following is a therapeutic effect sought with modalities such as ultrasound?
Deep thermotherapy involves which of the following?
If hyperventilation does not adequately increase the O2 supply in the blood during aerobic exercise, what must occur to meet the gas exchange demands?
What happens to a 1 MHz ultrasound beam when it travels through tissue?
During the acute phase, which is a typical use of high-voltage electrical stimulation?
Enkephalin response blocks gate by interfering with which fibers?
Which information belongs in the objective portion of a SOAP note?
Why should the sound head be moved during ultrasound treatment?
Which option is NOT a typical purpose of keeping records?
Which term describes the ability to perform activities for an extended period of time?
Isokinetic Exercise is defined by which characteristic?
As you move closer to the transducer, the intensity of the ultrasound waves changes how?
Which term correctly describes shear waves?
During healing, exercise increases oxygen delivery to tissues by which mechanism?
What does bioequivalence compare?
Which statement correctly describes the drum method?
A SOAP note is best described as?
Effleurage is described as which of the following?
______ is a type of electrotherapy used to reeducate muscle.
Ptosis is
Which of the following are listed as contraindications to diathermy?
Alternating current is defined as which of the following?
Diathermy has which effect on blood and fluid dynamics?
How long does immediate care last?
Which is a valid direct coupling agent for ultrasound?
Which topical OTC antibacterial contains neomycin?
Type of repair where damaged cells are replaced with simpler cells?
Energy transmission depends on density changes during which wave phases?
What does a duty cycle value of 100 indicate?
A smaller ERA beam is described as which of the following?
Which statement best describes how ultrasound energy is transformed within tissues to produce heat?
Which statement is true about the cable method?
Mood disorders include which of the following?
Unhappy triad involves injuries to which structures?
Which statement about diathermy safety and radio frequencies is true?
Which of the following is NOT an NSAID?
In energy modalities, what is conversion?
Ultrasound can assist in reabsorption of which deposits in soft tissue?
During epithelization, what is the main event occurring?
3-MHz ultrasound heats tissue to a depth of
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process involves which cell type?
What type of crystal acts as the piezoelectric element in ultrasound transducers?
Which effect indicates improved circulation?
The near field is used for which purpose?
Which scale uses a straight line with endpoints labeled to indicate pain intensity?
Name the six classes of modalities.
Why is exercise important to healing?
Spatial summation is described as
The primary purpose of biofeedback is to help patients progress more quickly by:
Contrast bath therapy involves ...
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) units are designed to:
Which statement about acetaminophen is true?
Ultrasound and tissue elasticity: what is the described effect?
Record keeping serves several purposes. Which of the following is a direct purpose?
Drug distribution refers to the movement of the drug where?
Which step follows administering a therapeutic intervention in the eight-step process?
Which wound types are commonly recognized in wound management texts?
What ultrasound parameter is associated with increasing the breaking strength of a healing incision when used continuously?
Which term refers to the muscle contraction that causes movement?
An unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
Standing waves in ultrasound therapy create which of the following?
Prilosec is an over-the-counter medication used for:
Which tissue response involves movement of ions under an electric field?
Which modality among the seven tools is used for heating tissue?
Continuous Shortwave Diathermy (CSWD) is used to accomplish which of the following?
The term associated with persistent fear and avoidance of a stimulus is which?
If the transducer is moved closer to the tissue, the intensity is:
In immersion technique, which areas may cause patient discomfort due to pressure?
What mode of operation is typically used to achieve nonthermal effects in ultrasound?
KT stands for which term?
Which modality could interfere with radio frequencies?
If you limit the treatment area, what is the expected behavior of the waves?
Which type of ultrasound wave propagates parallel to the direction of travel?
Stable cavitation occurs when bubbles
In pulsed ultrasound, which statement is true?
In the motor mode for chronic pain, which statement is true?
Dynamic stretching before activity is described as which?
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of progression in rehab?
Which massage technique is used to induce a sedative effect?
What are the three stages of care?
Why could diathermy interfere with radio communications?
Spatial average density corresponds to?
Spatial peak intensity is measured in which units?
What is the stated purpose of the pad (bladder) method?
CAT stands for what in evidence-based medicine?
Which massage technique is described as a long, gliding stroke that begins and ends a session?
Which describes a therapeutic modality?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process is associated with which change?
According to the Decreased Injury Theory, cryotherapy primarily does what?
What is the primary purpose of a sports bra?
Which statement about the pad (bladder) method is true?
Which of the following is an example of an acute injury?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process is associated with which cellular mediator?
Phonophoresis is best described as:
What is the result when ultrasound waves encounter an interface with density differences?
What is the recommended treatment area size relative to the transducer?
Is there an immunization available for Hepatitis B (HBV)?
Paranoia is described as which of the following?
Which intensity range should be kept around for safety?
If cellular membranes and organelles are breaking down, this is best described as which?
Standing waves in ultrasound therapy are associated with:
Petrissage consists of pressing and rolling the muscles under the fingers and hands. This milking action over deep tissues increases venous and lymphatic return and removes metabolic waste. Which statement describes Petrissage?
A patient presents with an acute foot injury and an antalgic gait. What should you do first?
In a general rehab progression, which component typically follows strength training?
The local response of the body to an injury or irritant is termed what?
CAP stands for which term in the material?
What type of ultrasound wave is used in tissue therapy?
What term refers to a reason to do something in treatment planning?
Duty cycle refers to:
Which therapy combination includes alternating cold, passive stretch, and resistive contraction to address acute strains?
When ultrasound energy encounters air, approximately what percentage is reflected?
Clonic contraction is characterized by which pattern?
Which statement best explains the SAID principle?
Ultrasound is commonly used for which diagnostic imaging purpose?
What is required for the drum method to be effective?
What is the five-step application framework for immediate care?
Which mechanism best explains how capacitive diathermy delivers energy to tissue?
The capacitive diathermy method primarily produces heat by which mechanism?
Acoustical streaming causes movement of particles toward which direction?
What are the seven tools for relieving pain?
What characterizes dose oriented ultrasound treatments?
Which pairing correctly describes the modes of diathermy application?
Refraction in ultrasound involves waves doing what as they cross an interface?
Which option is NOT one of the four integrations for clinical decision making?
Mental illness is defined as which of the following?
The term 'effective radiating area' refers to what?
Pain during treatment can be caused by which of the following?
Which statement best describes thermotherapy in rehabilitation?
Which medication is commonly used in phonophoresis?
Which massage stroke is superficial, longitudinal toward the heart and helps venous return?
What term describes a process by which subthreshold stimulus add together to evoke a response?
Which term is the study of the mechanism of action of drugs?
Which statement reflects a nonthermal effect that promotes tissue remodeling?
Capacitive diathermy tends to heat tissue more superficially than induction diathermy. True or False?
Which goal among the orthopedic injury goals focuses on neuromotor performance and coordination?
Energy is located on the sound head in which position?
Which massage stroke milks deep tissues and increases venous and lymphatic return?
Under PCT, which component goes?
Hyperemia is defined as
Which type of repair involves damaged cells being replaced with simpler cells?
Panic Attacks are best described as which of the following?
Which term describes a stimulus that does not reach the threshold to trigger an action potential?
Which waveform configuration is used with high-voltage pulsed monophasic stimulation to minimize superficial tissue damage?
During iontophoresis, which combination of medications and ion charges is described?
Which material is not typically used as the active piezoelectric element in modern transducers?
NMES and TEN are forms of what category?
Which statement about isotonic external rotation exercises is accurate?
Which cells are active after an injury to begin building collagen?
During epitheliazation, the main event is
Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of injury?
Acute care has three subcategories, what are they?
Diathermy equipment can interfere with which of the following?
Diathermy is defined as the therapeutic use of what to heat deep tissues?
Myasthenia gravis is best described as
Absorption in tissue energy transfer refers to energy absorbed by which of the following?
What is the primary intent of cold application immediately after injury?
HBV is most commonly spread through which routes?
Type of summation that occurs when several subthreshold stimuli from the same axon are repeated?
Which statement defines transmission?
ICD codes are used to classify which aspect of medical care?
3 MHz gets warm faster due to which characteristic?
Spatial peak intensity refers to which characteristic of the ultrasound beam?
In induction methods of diathermy, how is energy delivered?
The phase of injury in which ATP is produced is termed what?
Which statement best describes the secondary injury model?
Which are the four traditional sources of evidence listed for evidence-based practice?
Ballistic stretching is best described by which of the following?
Standing waves in therapeutic ultrasound create which effect?
Which of the following is an example of hydrotherapy?
Which class of drugs is described as treating both cold and allergy symptoms?
What does continuous ultrasound imply?
For continuous ultrasound operated underwater, the water should be:
For pulsed ultrasound, which combination is most associated with nonthermal effects?
Which three frequencies are listed for diathermy?
Drug excretion involves?
Which observation describes how ultrasound energy behaves at a boundary where density changes, with some energy continuing to the next tissue?
What is the recommended management for all open wounds?
Cryokinetics is best described as which of the following?
Secondary injury to injured cells is caused by two main factors, which are?
Which of the following is not a biophysical effect of diathermy?
Isotonic Exercise is defined by which feature?
Which medication is commonly used with ultrasound to enhance diffusion?
What is the recommended bucket immersion temperature for ice immersion?
Hydrophilic drugs are characterized by being what?
Which statement about electrode sizes is true in electrical stimulation?
Which of the following is NOT among the listed goals for orthopedic injury rehabilitation?
Which statement best describes typical NMES characteristics?
The nonthermal effect of ultrasound is called?
Ultrasound and nerve conduction are reported to do which of the following?
Which is a therapeutic goal of deep heating?
Which combination of symptoms is commonly associated with Graves' disease?
The energy of a pulsed ultrasound wave during its on-time is called what?
Higher frequency beam will
A chronic injury is ...
Which term correctly describes the basic unit of charge produced by 6.28 x 10^18 electrons?
What term identifies the maximum intensity within the ultrasound beam?
During which healing phase do fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and collagen peak to begin granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended step when fitting a football helmet?
Which types of meds are most commonly used in the treatment of epilepsy?
Which term denotes the non-proprietary name of a drug, not owned by anyone, representing its chemical identity?
The largest 1-22 micrometers in diameter nerve fiber; conducts action potentials the most rapidly (5-120 m/sec). Some A fibers are sensory; others have a motor function.
In remodeling, what happens to the capillary arcade and collagen?
Which topical OTC antibacterial is a combination product that includes bacitracin?
Adipose tissue has what effect on ultrasound?
What amount of time may it take for complete remodeling of tissues to occur after a soft tissue injury?
What does megahertz (MHz) indicate in ultrasound therapy?
Which scale captures qualitative descriptions of pain across multiple dimensions?
During the proliferation phase of wound healing, which events reach a peak to initiate granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis?
Phobia is defined as which of the following?
Which is an example of cryotherapy?
Activity on a neuron that when it returns facilitates future activity on that neuron
Strengthening which muscle is vital for throwing athletes?
Which term represents the brand name owned by a pharmaceutical company?
Which sound head diameter is associated with treating a bigger area?
In capacitive diathermy, what happens to the treated body part?
What is a major advantage of HVPCS?
In the ankle sprain rehab progression, which type of exercise typically follows isometric exercises?
A 1 MHz ultrasound beam tends to do what in tissue?
Which gait is described as non weight bearing, often called swing-through gait?
Using an ultrasound transducer as a stim produces stimulation that becomes electrical transmitted along with the ultrasound.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four aspects of progression in rehab?
Which parameter defines the rate of energy absorption per tissue area in diathermy?
Topical hydrocortisone OTC concentrations are:
Which frequencies are used therapeutically?
During the inflammation phase, which occurs?
In the far field, as distance increases, the beam tends to become more what?
Which item is included in the recommended records to keep?
What type of collagen is formed first in the proliferation stage?
Where is the primary location for ATP production in skeletal muscle?
KT stands for which term?
What is the heat transfer method used in diathermy?
Which term describes the average energy of a single pulsed ultrasound wave?
Which type of pain scale uses descriptors and no numbers?
In tissue mechanics, how is stress defined?
The amount of ultrasound absorption depends on
In electrical stimulation, electrode size and placement primarily determine what?
Which statement best defines a closed circuit?
Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome involves the initial mobilization of resources to cope with a stressor?
What type of collagen is formed first in the proliferation stage?
Which organization establishes minimum safety standards for protective helmets used in football, baseball, softball, and lacrosse?
What best describes a rifle approach in therapeutic modalities?
Which set of numbers listed corresponds to the diathermy frequencies in the material?
What is the typical sensation progression during NMES, and what is the minimum pulse rate stated?
In biomechanics, which statement best defines stress?
Which items should be kept as records?
In the lower extremity D1 flexion pattern, which combination of hip movements is performed?
Mechanotherapy is a class of modalities that primarily uses which approach?
Biofeedback is described as what process?
Which instrument would you use to measure grip strength in a clinical setting?
External muscular force available for useful work is the result of which factors EXCEPT?
Which term describes the process by which the transducer converts electrical energy into ultrasound energy?
During remodeling, which statement best describes the relationship between capillary changes and collagen restructuring?
Reflection in ultrasound is best described as:
Pulsed diathermy is associated with which of the following tissue changes?
Which of the following is not typically listed as a therapeutic purpose of modalities?
Which parameter indicates how much of the treatment time the ultrasound is on?
Thermotherapy refers to which modality?
Which modality is used for drug delivery via iontophoresis?
The secondary injury model encompasses three factors. Which set correctly lists them?
Which modality is explicitly noted as increasing blood flow to tissues?
Endorphin and enkephalin are examples of which type of mediators?
Electrical stimulating currents are classified into three categories. Which set lists all three correctly?
A biphasic electrical current is defined as:
What is the primary purpose of using a coupling medium in ultrasound practice?
Pulsed diathermy healing is associated with an increase in which process?
Which are the four types of sensory nerve fibers listed in the material?
Compared with NSAIDs, acetaminophen is not associated with which adverse effect?
Which of the following is an effect of cold application?
What is the typical maximum depth of penetration achievable with cryotherapy?
Nonthermal effects can result in which change to blood flow?
Thermal diathermy applied to inflamed tissue is associated with which change?
Which statement describes the capacitive diathermy method?
The transmission of an ultrasound wave is described as which process?
What is the primary purpose of record keeping in clinical practice?
In electrotherapy, what term describes the substance that facilitates the transmission of electrical current from the electrodes to the skin?
In electrotherapy, the coupling medium is also called ...
Personality Disorder is described as which of the following?
Positive feedback in neurons is defined as
Russian electrical stimulation is designed to produce what kind of contraction?
Which term defines the ability of a muscle group to repeatedly exert force against resistance for multiple repetitions?
Where are the plate electrodes placed in capacitive field diathermy?
Which of the following is an indication for neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)?
Continuous ultrasound is defined as:
Stable cavitation occurs when gas bubbles compress under high pressure and decompress under low pressure. Which option best describes this process?
In underwater ultrasound, the ideal immersion medium is which of the following?
Which statement best describes the near field in ultrasound therapy?
What physiological effects occur under the cathode (negative pole) of an electrical stimulator?
What constitutes direct coupling for ultrasound?
Which term refers to the specific chemical compound a medicine is made of and is not owned by anyone?
Which term describes applying high-quality evidence to patient care?
What is the generalized model of processes that occur after an acute injury?
RICE stands for which sequence?
In electrotherapy, what is the purpose of a coupling medium?
Which area is listed as a contraindication for ultrasound therapy?
Which rehab phase begins immediately after injury and focuses on swelling control and pain modulation using RICE?
What is a common reason for controversy in diathermy treatment studies?
Which of the following is a valid coupling method for ultrasound?
What are the 4 healing modifiers?
Which statement best defines a therapeutic modality?
What is the reported continuous effect of ultrasound on tissue healing?
1-MHz ultrasound heats tissue to a depth of
What term describes the action of one agent on another that evokes activity in the receiving structure?
What is the maximum Beam Uniformity Ratio (BNR) that should not be exceeded in therapeutic ultrasound?
The pad (bladder) method is used to accommodate irregularly shaped body parts by filling the pad with what?
Which statement about Graves' disease is correct?
HBV can survive in dried blood for at least how long?
Which of the following describes the eight steps in clinical decision making?
Which phase is primarily concerned with capillary formation and collagen synthesis?
What does Specific Absorption Rate measure?
Which modality should be used sparingly, if at all, with multiple sclerosis?
Which of the following describes a primary physiological response to cold application?
During inflammation, the injury is contained and stabilized and debris is removed.
Which of the following best describes ultrasound effects on fibroblast activity during inflammation?
Which process is described as moving scientific knowledge from the research setting into day-to-day clinical practice?
Which of the following is an example of mechanotherapy?
The two types of pain relief are?
Which term represents the last phase listed in the eight phases of injury?
Which statement about multiple sclerosis and heat is true?
What is the pathway that pain takes in our body?
Record keeping can help identify which item to support communication within a clinic?
A stimulus below threshold is called which?
Which of the following is NOT among the five common pain scales?
Which rehab phase is designated for injuries that require surgical repair?
The two types of pain relief are?
Which statement accurately distinguishes acetaminophen from aspirin?
What is the minimum distance required between electrodes in iontophoresis?
What diameter is specified for the treatment area in the material?
During the healing process, which phase is primarily associated with stopping bleeding?
Which statement correctly describes the energy localization on the sound head?
Which statement is not described as part of the injury response effects of diathermy?
What is defined as the maximum force that can be applied by a muscle during a single maximal contraction?
Best practice (standard of care, standard therapy) is defined as treating a specific patient's specific condition in the way that will lead to resolution of the condition in the most complete and expedient manner possible; treatment that experts agree is appropriate, accepted, widely used, and reproducible.
For underwater ultrasound, the recommended immersion medium is which?
Higher frequency ultrasound (3 MHz) will...
Which term describes the effect of the drug on the body and the effect of the body on the drug?
The pad (bladder) method is used to accommodate irregularly shaped body parts by filling the pad with which substance?
Cold urticaria presents as which of the following after cold exposure?
Pulsed ultrasound is associated with nonthermal effects.
Which term describes a concise, focused summary used to answer a clinical question after reviewing evidence?
The treatment area for ultrasound should be how many times larger than the transducer?
Which option is NOT listed as a source of evidence for evidence-based practice in the material?
Which anatomical feature is explicitly listed as a contraindication for ultrasound therapy?
During which phase does blood vessel formation, capillary bedding, capillary arcade formation, and collagen synthesis occur?
During PNF stretching, a typical cycle includes which sequence?
In the acute phase of an ankle injury, whirlpool water temperature should be set to what range?
Which value describes pulsed duty cycle as indicated in the source?
Which output mode is associated with nonthermal effects in therapeutic ultrasound?
In isokinetic training, which variable is manipulated while the movement speed remains constant?
Hyperemia is defined as which of the following?
Tissue healing is thought to occur predominantly through which effects?
Type of repair where damaged cells are repaired by the same type of cell?
An acute injury is best described as which of the following?
Rarefaction of the crystal results in:
In continuous ultrasound, spatial peak intensity is determined by which parameter?
Pulsed ultrasound is associated with which type of effects?
In ultrasound, which parameter describes the energy delivered per unit area?
Continuous ultrasound effect on tissue healing includes which outcome?
During continuous ultrasound, what should be done to intensity to minimize tissue damage?
What is the correct sequence for rehab of a grade II ankle sprain?
Is a patient with a cardiac pacemaker a contraindication for diathermy?
The process by which immune cells engulf and remove debris is known as?
Pulsed ultrasound on wound healing is described as having which action on open wounds?
What does RCT stand for in clinical research?
Wound healing is enhanced with which ultrasound mode?
What goes in the plan of care portion of a SOAP note?
Circuit training is effective for improving which two fitness components?
In the remodeling phase, which change describes the capillary network?
Is there a vaccine to prevent Hepatitis C (HCV)?
Which healing phase is characterized by fibroblast activity and collagen realignment?
Which duty cycle values indicate pulsed ultrasound?
Thermal effect of diathermy states that heat is retained how many times longer than ultrasound?
Which type of pain scale uses numbers and descriptors?
Progression in rehab follows the SAID principle which states the body adapts in specific ways to implied demands. This is known as the:
When using a lower intensity, you should do what?
Cystic fibrosis is best described as
Give an example of cryotherapy.
Spatial average temporal average intensity represents which concept?
What is the standard treatment time for ice immersion?
Which statement describes absorption?
Cryotherapy refers to which concept?
Which pain scale uses descriptors and no numbers?
Morton's neuroma is most commonly located between which metatarsals?
Lymph-edema Pump therapy typically lasts how long per session and how many times per day?
What is a major advantage of Inferential Current Therapy over Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)?
Which statement about inflammation is true?
What is the primary intent of cold application immediately following injury?
KT stands for which term?
A dry, nonproductive cough is most commonly caused by what?
CAP stands for which term?
Agility in movement is defined as what?
The point at which something begins to hurt
Evaluation describes which process in patient care?
Which cell type is primarily involved in engulfing bacteria during acute injury healing?
Which outcome is typical from massage?
Which statement about nerve fibers is true?
Bone burning from ultrasound is most likely associated with which type of pain?
In partial weight bearing gait (3-point gait), how are crutches used?
What term refers to a reason not to do something in treatment planning?
Unstable cavitation is characterized by
Ultrasound should not be used for fractures at which sites?
Which pain scale has a line with contrasting descriptors at either end of the line?
How long does emergency care last?
Which pain scale is described as a horizontal line with anchor points at each end and descriptors spread along the line?
How are ultrasound waves produced in the transducer?
Convection is described as a more rapid heat transfer process than conduction and occurs when what moves across the body?
Which statement best describes the overall effect of ultrasound on inflammation and healing according to the material?
Ultrasound energy is absorbed by tissues primarily through which mechanism?
Which stretching technique is described as the technique of choice before activity?
Static stretching is defined as which of the following?
Electrical therapy is used to:
What does biofeedback provide to support patient progress?
Volume of distribution refers to what?
In the subjective portion of a SOAP note, which information goes there?
What is Raynaud's phenomenon?
Tapotement movements include which of the following?
Massage can control pain by activating which systems?
What term describes the procedures, actions and processes a healthcare provider is permitted to undertake within the terms of their professional license?
There are 4 types of common noxious stimuli, what are they?
Where is Staphylococcus normally present?
SAID stands for which principle?
The pad method is especially used for which body parts?
Why move the sound head during ultrasound therapy?
In bipolar technique, what is the effect of using equal-size electrodes on current distribution?
Phase 2 activities should help maintain which aspects?
Which quantity is defined as energy per unit time?
Contraindications are ...
How long does emergency care typically last?
Best practice (standard of care) refers to which concept?
In a SOAP note, which section commonly documents the clinician's diagnosis?
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TEN) is primarily used to depolarize sensory nerves to modulate pain. Which nerves are targeted?
Which content goes in the assessment portion of a SOAP note?
Which term is the time it takes for the concentration of drug molecules at the site of action to become large enough to cause a noticeable biological response?
Which of the following is NOT a stage of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome?
Nonthermal ultrasound is associated with which effect?
What is the main component increased during the proliferation phase?
Friction is described as which of the following?
Which component of the RICE approach is most closely associated with reducing swelling via elevation?
Which statement best describes the role of a density change at a boundary in ultrasound?
Which statement is NOT listed as an effect of diathermy on blood and fluid dynamics?
What is a hand dynamometer?
Pulsed intensity is higher because?
What would be a functional skill for a patient in an ankle rehabilitation program?
Hydrotherapy modalities include which of the following?
Adipose tissue has what kind of effect on ultrasound?
Why does a 3 MHz ultrasound beam heat tissue more quickly than a 1 MHz beam?
Radiation in therapeutic heating refers to energy transfer in which form?
Specific absorption rate measures what?
Which of the following describes a therapeutic use of iontophoresis?
When rehabilitating a cervical strain, the athletic trainer must maintain the integrity of which region?
What is the hallmark feature of vasculitis?
Which effect relates to healing fractures?
Petrissage increases venous and lymphatic return and removes metabolic waste from the injured area. True or False?
What is the correct order of the three healing phases?
Which pain scale is named for a questionnaire used to assess pain quality?
The phase of healing focused on tissue strengthening and remodeling is which?
Which parameter describes the beam quality in terms of intensity consistency?
Which statement is true about acetaminophen?
What are the three major types of bacterial infections described?
Which massage stroke involves rapid oscillatory movements?
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is thought to work by:
Unstable cavitation is best described as gas bubbles that do what under ultrasound exposure?
In therapeutic modality duty cycles, what value indicates continuous delivery?
Which description best characterizes the remodeling phase of wound healing?
Flexibility describes which ability?
What does the term 'half layer' help estimate in ultrasound treatment planning?
Cold application commonly leads to which of the following changes?
What are the two settings for ultrasound?
Intensity in this context refers to what?
Which term refers to the standard of care that is widely accepted and reproducible?
Which of the following is a penicillin antibiotic?
Which tissue has little effect on ultrasound transmission?
Intertrigo refers to which condition?
Continuous Ultrasound and tissue healing mentions which of the following processes?
The traditional decreased blood flow theory states what?
Pulsed ultrasound is associated with what effect on open wounds?
Protective knee braces are described as which of the following?
What is a stretching exercise that consists of a 'stretch and hold' position called?
Which of the following is NOT one of the seven tools for relieving pain?
Cryostretch combines alternating cold application, passive stretch, and resistive muscle contraction to rehabilitate what kind of injuries?
What are the two types of anxiety disorders mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a source of evidence for evidence-based medicine as described?
Biphasic current is characterized by which feature?
Isotonic exercise typically involves which characteristic?
The two types of tissue repair are?
Pulsed Shortwave therapy uses high frequency electromagnetic waves in pulsed mode to produce non-thermal and thermal effects, and is particularly effective for heating what?
The term 4X4 area in the material most closely describes which shape?
Which statement about reflection is true?
The statement that compression of crystal leads to high particle density indicates:
The D2 flexion pattern of the hip engages which muscle groups?
If continuous ultrasound is used, water should be what temperature?
Duty cycle in therapeutic ultrasound is defined as what?
Which drug is an NSAID?
What is formed when a phagosome fuses with a lysosome?
What does the gate control theory state?
Cryotherapy is usually applied for 20 to 30 minutes several times a day for maximum cooling of both superficial and deep tissues. How is this practice best described?
Which statement accurately describes how ERA size affects beam directionality?
Which of the following is an example of electrotherapy?
What term describes the procedures, actions, and processes a healthcare provider is permitted to undertake within the bounds of their professional license?
Cystic fibrosis can involve which organs besides the lungs?
Golgi tendon organs are sensory receptors located at the musculotendinous junction; they monitor active tension generated by the muscle during a contraction. What are they called?
A combination of speed of movement and coordination; developed as skill patterns are performed quickly, usually with sport-specific team drills.
What term describes the transfer of research between researchers and practitioners?
In crutch fitting, what distance is recommended between the axilla and the crutch pad?
What is stated about Microcurrent Electrical Nerve Stimulation (MENS) in the material?
For continuous ultrasound, the main effect is?
Which scenario is considered a diagnostic imaging use of ultrasound?
Which scale has a line with contrasting descriptors at either end?
In Cryokinetics, the body part is numbed for 10-20 minutes before the initial exercise and alternated numbness and exercise at least how many times?
Which statement best describes a property of stretching as it relates to Golgi tendon organs?
What is the primary purpose of using a gel-based medium in therapeutic ultrasound?
What risk is associated with not moving the sound head during treatment?
Brief-intense TENS is also known as noxious TENS. Which of the following characterizes it?
Aspirin dosage used for pain relief and inflammation is typically which?
Which type of exercises may be safely initiated immediately after knee surgery?
In brief-intense TENS, what electrode placement technique is MOST commonly used?
What type of waves does diathermy emit?
Continuous Passive Motion is commonly used after which scenario?
What sensations are reported with brief-intense TENS?
Neurapraxia typically presents with which combination?
Which term describes the ability to perform activities for an extended period focusing on heart and lung function?
How long does immediate care typically last?
Which heat transfer mechanism involves heat transfer through a moving medium such as air or water, causing temperature variations?
Injured cells suffer secondary injury from two main causes. What are they?
What is the therapeutic ultrasound intensity range in watts per square centimeter (W/cm2)?
Ultrasound waves in tissue are which type of waves?
What voltage range is used by high-voltage electrical stimulation?
During which phase do neutrophils and macrophages arrive at the damage site?
What law states that like charges repel and unlike charges attract?
Cavitation refers to
Stretching is used to improve which of the following?
During remodeling what is happening?
High-voltage pulsed stimulation may be used as an adjunct tx in controlling acute and chronic pain through what 2 mechanisms?
After 14 days, what kind of care sets in?
Which of the following are subcategories of acute care?
A basketball player with a repeated ankle sprain returns for treatment and makes threats to leave if not helped. What would be the best response to this attention-seeking athlete?
Bone will become damaged if hit by ultrasound because
During isotonic external rotation of the glenohumeral joint in shoulder rehabilitation, which muscle is primarily involved?
Capacitive method is more ______ than induction method.
Inflammation serves two purposes in tissue response. Which pair best describes these purposes?
Cavitation in ultrasound refers to gas bubble formation as a result of which effects?
Effective radiating area refers to what?
Chemotaxis is defined as what?
Which modality among the seven tools is used for cooling tissue?
Reflection in ultrasound is described as waves moving in which direction?
Why is RICE applied?
What is a SOAP note?
Conduction is the direct transfer of energy between two objects in physical contact with each other. What is necessary to initiate this transfer?
Ideally, underwater ultrasound would use which type of water?
Why is exercise important to healing?
Which section of a SOAP note would contain recommendations for future therapy and timelines?
Which item is a subcategory of acute care?
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) occurs after what kind of event, according to the definitions?
Which component is described as undergoing compression and rarefaction to generate waves?
Phase 3 has the ultimate goal of what?
Which term describes converting electrical energy into acoustic energy in the transducer?
Increasing the duty cycle during therapeutic ultrasound will most directly increase which of the following?
Using ultrasound at 1.5 W/cm2 for 10 minutes can increase tissue temperature by approximately
Which term lists the five cardinal signs and symptoms of injury?
Bone burning will cause a ______ pain
What is a protective spasm of the muscular abdominal wall called?
What are the two types of electrotherapy described?
How is Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmitted?
Which of the following is not a phase of healing?
If energy strikes a body part at an angle away from 90°, what happens to absorption?
In a SOAP note, which section would most likely include a clinician's impression of the patient's progress after treatment sessions?
What is the only NSAID used topically in the United States?
In whirlpool therapy, what effect does buoyancy have on the treated limb?
Which term best describes the study of how drugs produce their effects at the cellular level, including receptor interactions?
Using a 3 inch diameter sound head is associated with which outcome?
Contraindications are defined as situations in which a specific modality should not be used because it may cause harm.
In a transverse (shear) wave, the particle displacement is:
The secondary injury model encompasses three things; what are they?
A neoprene sleeve is typically used for which purpose?
Which technique is used to combine results from multiple studies into a single estimate?
Inferential Current Therapy (IFC) is characterized by
Which term best defines the average energy of a single pulsed ultrasound wave?
Spatial Average Temporal Average (SATA) intensity is a measure of what?
In phonophoresis, what modality, intensity, and duration are typical?
To emphasize nonthermal effects such as micro streaming, which parameter is most important to consider?
Thermotherapy is best placed in rehab during which phase?
A smaller ERA beam is associated with which description?
When diathermy is used over adipose tissue, what is the primary safety concern?
Mobilizing and transporting pathogens from the injury site through vessels is described as which process?
What does a 100% duty cycle indicate in continuous ultrasound?
When multiple sub stimuli converge on one cell body simultaneously
At a tissue interface, what primary ultrasound phenomenon occurs due to impedance mismatch?
Depth of cold penetration (4-5 cm) depends on which factors?
Which mode is used to achieve nonthermal effects in acute conditions?
Ultrasound can be used for both therapeutic heating and diagnostic imaging.
Which statement best describes the role of TENS in pain management?
When a skin area is anesthetized, it is best described as which?
In the systematic approach to selecting a modality, which step involves assessing the limitations the injury places on modality selection?
Beyond diagnostic imaging, ultrasound can be used for which purpose?
Which statement describes refraction?
What are the two types of pain nerve fibers?
Nonthermal effects can cause which of the following cellular activities?
What is the purpose of cryotherapy in inflammation, swelling, or edema?
What is the typical progression order for strengthening exercises?
A-delta fiber is defined as which of the following?
Which phase is characterized by an initial barrier of tissue being formed?
To achieve a larger treated area, which ERA relationship is most appropriate?
Which brain region is the final destination in the described pain pathway before conscious perception?
What are heat-producing currents in the body that are formed by a magnetic field that is externally applied in short-wave diathermy called?
A larger ERA beam is described as which?
Bioavailability is defined as what?
In brief-intense TENS, the intensity is typically:
Which item is NOT listed among the seven pain-relief tools?
Pain during ultrasound can be caused by which factors?
An unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
What is vasculitis?
Ultrasound effects on inflammation include which of the following?
Heat production is related to which factor?
Spatial average intensity is measured in which units?
Decreased injury theory states what?
Induction methods of diathermy involve placing the body part into what?
When too much energy is concentrated near bone during ultrasound, which symptom may occur?
Which statement best describes SATA intensity?
As the duty cycle of ultrasound approaches 100 percent, the thermal effects tend to which of the following?
Treatment of an acute injury during the first 4 days after the injury.
Deep thermotherapy refers to modalities that cause what in deeper tissues?
Which of the following lists represents the ten goals for orthopedic injury?
Which phenomenon involves energy crossing a boundary and changing direction due to density differences?
Activity on a neuron that, when it returns prohibits future activity on that neuron is called?
Continuous ultrasound is associated with thermal effects.
Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) is a modality that primarily moves a joint through a preset arc of motion. It is commonly used after which procedures?
Which phenomenon is described as the transfer of radiant energy through space, such as infrared heat, without a medium?
Radiation in therapy refers to the transfer of energy in the form of what, without physical contact?
Wound healing is enhanced with which ultrasound modality?
Permeability increases in blood vessels during which phase of injury?
Passive insufficiency occurs when which condition is true?
What goes in the assessment portion of a SOAP note?
Which type of exercise takes advantage of the stretch-shortening cycle, with rapid stretch followed by rapid concentric contractions?
What are the four phases of healing?
Paraffin baths are used to treat subacute or chronic rheumatoid arthritis with joint stiffness and decreased ROM. What is the typical paraffin bath temperature?
Which modalities are used for deep healing in Phase 3?
Which statement is not a goal of massage?
What is the typical duration of a cryotherapy session for maximum cooling?
Which technique combines traction with varying amounts of stretch to produce a moderate sustained force on the muscle and its fascia to lengthen them?
Which item is part of the systematic approach to selecting a modality?
During proliferation, what is occurring?
What does the acronym RCT stand for in the context of clinical research as described?
Diaphoresis is defined as which of the following?
What happens when tissue resistance increases during diathermy?
Which statement is not listed as a diathermy effect on blood and fluid dynamics?
Biophysical effects of diathermy include which of the following?
DAPRE is characterized by performing maximal repetitions during which sets?
Spatial average temporal peak intensity describes the average intensity during which period?
Activity on a neuron that, when it returns, facilitates future activity on that neuron is called?
Swelling and edema often occur during which process?
What is the purpose of cryotherapy in relation to inflammation, swelling, or edema?
Which statement describes the role of fibroblasts in tissue repair?
McKenzie extension exercises are used for degenerative disk disease and postural dysfunction.
Which contraction occurs when the resistance is greater than the muscular force and the muscle lengthens while contracting?
Which statement best defines isometric exercise?
The effective radiating area describes the area of the sound head that emits energy, which is:
In dose oriented treatments, what is the role of the machine?
The process of digesting cellular debris is called what?
What mechanism explains heat production in short-wave diathermy?
Temporal summation is the type of summation that occurs when
In Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome, which stage is characterized by ongoing adaptation after the initial alarm response?
What is the process by which subthreshold stimuli add together to evoke a response?
What heat transfer method does diathermy primarily use?
When multiple sub stimuli converge on one cell body simultaneously, this is known as?
Pulsed diathermy mode is associated with which effect and stage?
When should ultrasound treatment ideally begin after injury?
Which of the following is an example of light therapy?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the remodeling phase?
Which of the following is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma?
Ultrasound energy is absorbed by
Which modality would be most appropriate for heating deep tissues?
Which organisms are the three most common bloodborne pathogens?
What is the half layer depth in ultrasound terminology?
What does a contrast bath achieve in subacute or chronic injuries?
Paraffin bath treatment time is typically
Which massage stroke is described as a superficial, longitudinal stroke toward the heart to aid venous return?
Which phase involves remodeling of tissue and maturation of collagen?
Which statement best describes the energy delivery difference between pulsed and continuous ultrasound?
A chronic injury is defined as:
As the duty cycle approaches 100%, what happens to the thermal effect?
Cryostretch combines cold therapy, static stretching, and which technique?
What is the relationship between ultrasound intensity and tissue temperature?
Which type of inflammation occurs when the inflammatory response cannot eliminate the cause or restore normal function?
The process of translating science from the research laboratory to clinical practice is termed what?
An example of light therapy is:
Which interface is most reflective of ultrasound energy?
Pulsed ultrasound intensities are associated with which effect at 1.5-2 W/cm2?
Vibration is best described as which of the following?
Which statement best describes heating depth as frequency increases?
Ultrasound is used to manage which soft-tissue conditions?
Which modality is designed to produce an isometric contraction and is useful in muscle reeducation?
Which modality heats deep tissues using high-frequency electromagnetic waves?
What is a potential drawback of the immersion technique mentioned in the material?
Which diathermy type is seldom used in the US due to contraindications?
During inflammation, ultrasound can move tissues into which healing phase?
The point at which something begins to hurt
Which joints are commonly treated with CPM?
Which of the following is a desired therapeutic effect?
Which term is defined as the minimal stimulus intensity required to trigger an action potential?
What does the SAID principle state?
An example of mechanotherapy is:
Which actions do the rhomboid muscles perform to stabilize the scapula?
What is the primary use for ultrasound?
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is described as occurring in individuals who have suffered a very traumatic event and is associated with which symptoms?
How fast should you move the transducer during therapeutic ultrasound?
Which of the following is a goal for orthopedic injury rehabilitation?
Acute care refers to treatment of an acute injury during which time frame after injury?
Record keeping supports communication in which three areas?
The half-life of a drug is determined by which processes?
What are the two types of pain nerve fibers?
Which characteristic promotes absorption of a drug across lipid membranes?
The transfer of research between researchers and practitioners is termed what?
In capacitive field diathermy, how are the electrodes placed?
How are the electrodes arranged in Inferential Current Therapy to target an area of pain?
A larger ERA beam is described as which of the following?
Which phase follows the cellular response in tissue healing?
Which type of electrical stimulator is considered subsensory?
What is considered the best quality type of evidence in clinical decision making?
Which action is commonly associated with NSAIDs?
Which condition is characterized by color changes in the digits due to vasospasm triggered by cold or emotional stress?
In the described pain pathway, which structure acts as the relay between the spinal cord and cerebral cortex?
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation stretching involves which features?
Which mode is used to achieve heating in subacute conditions?
What happens to high peaks and valleys of intensity as distance increases?
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is designed to do what?
Which natural crystal is a piezoelectric material used in some ultrasound devices?
In the shoulder, posterior instability requires avoiding which combination of motions?
The half-life of a drug refers to which concept?
The beam non-uniformity ratio (BNR) is defined as which of the following?
For the pad (bladder) method, what should you do with the pad?
Which best describes impediments to implementing evidence-based practice (EBP)?
Seasonal Affective Disorder is most likely to occur during which season?
Aspirin is the most commonly used drug to relieve pain and inflammation. A normal dosage is 325 to 650 mg every 4 hours. What is the typical dosage range for aspirin?
Which of the following is listed as an advantage of phonophoresis?
Which records should be kept?
Spatial Average Temporal Peak (SATP) intensity is defined as?
What is the typical whirlpool immersion temperature for ice therapy?
Periosteal pain during ultrasound exposure typically indicates:
Refraction in ultrasound occurs when:
Penicillins, tetracycline, and sulfonamides are examples of what category?
Micromassage moves what?
Paranoia is best described as which of the following?
Pulsed ultrasound uses higher instantaneous intensity due to what reason?
What is the direct mechanism by which the transducer emits ultrasound?
Which term describes the overall energy carried by the ultrasound waves per unit area?
Acoustical streaming describes
Phase 1 may last up to how many days?
What is the maximum recommended Beam Uniformity Ratio (BNR) value?
Injury response processes treated with ultrasound are influenced by which factors?
A reaction that results from summation is called?
Which PNF technique is NOT a strengthening technique?
Which scale is a horizontal line with anchor points at each end and descriptors spread along the line?
Continuous ultrasound is associated with which type of effects?
Which item is listed as an impediment to implementing evidence-based practice (EBP)?
For superficial wounds, diathermy is generally avoided because it can cause moisture.
Ice application is typically continued for how long after the injury?
Cryokinetics is best described as?
Which kind of trauma is classified as microtrauma?
What effect does an increase in tissue resistance have on heating during diathermy?
Sensory receptors located at the musculotendinous junction, which monitor active tension generated by the muscle during a contraction are called?
CAT stands for which term in evidence-based practice?
Which change in blood and fluid dynamics is described with diathermy?
What is the duty cycle in ultrasound therapy?
Which description matches Personality Disorder?
What is the primary purpose of Controlled Compression Therapy (CCT) units?
Continuous diathermy mode is primarily associated with which effect and stage?
Which term is the study of the factors that affect the time course of the drug's events?
Which of the following is a healing phase?
Which term describes the average intensity over the beam area and the pulse duration?
Which technique increases tissue extensibility by mobilizing dense connective tissue and aligning collagen fibers?
A smaller ERA beam is described as which?
Phonophoresis uses ultrasound to enhance absorption of which substances?
Which term describes moving research findings into practical use in healthcare?
According to Maitland's five grades of joint motion, which grade would be most appropriate when joint movement is limited by pain and spasm?
Pulsed ultrasound on wound healing has what effect on open wounds?
Which drug is used as a muscle relaxant?
Hepatitis C (HCV) infection: what percentage have no signs or symptoms?
What is the typical ultrasound frequency range used therapeutically?
What are the four sensations an athlete will experience with the application of cryotherapy?
Spatial average intensity is measured in which units?
Which phenomenon is directly responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical waves in the ultrasound transducer?
Neurapraxia is best described as which of the following?
Which medication is a cephalosporin?
Flexibility is best defined as the ability to move joints through their full ROM with ease in which wording?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process is associated with an increase in which protein-related process?
Which term describes summation when multiple sub stimuli converge on a neuron at the same time?
Which of the following best describes bone resorption during growth or repair?
Which mechanism contributes to tissue heating during ultrasound?
Which modality category includes ice packs and cold whirlpool?
Which sequence describes an open chain condition where the limb is off the ground?
Which of the following numbers is not listed as a diathermy frequency?
High-voltage electrical stimulation is noted for several uses; which is NOT one of them?
Which of the following best lists the four healing modifiers?
Which term corresponds to the field describing the time-related processing of a drug by the body, including absorption and elimination?
Infection can begin to appear within what timeframe after exposure?
In the orthopedic injury model, what event occurs directly after leukocytes engulf bacteria?
Cold whirlpools are typically used at what temperature range for how long?
Energy is located in the sound head in which location?
RICE stands for?
In the eight steps of clinical decision making, which action is performed after establishing goals?
Which of the following best describes the pharmacologic management of epilepsy?
Endorphin response works where?
Which muscle is NOT a primary external rotator of the shoulder?
CAP stands for which of the following?
Which is a biophysical effect of diathermy?
Is ultrasound recommended for acute injuries?
In the eight-step clinical decision making process, what is the first step?
What is the primary purpose of record keeping?
What is proprioception?
How often must ultrasound equipment be calibrated?
Continuous ultrasound on injury response process tends to do what?
Why are crushed ice packs more beneficial than gel packs?
In therapeutic ultrasound, what is the primary purpose?
In the systematic approach to selecting a modality, which step involves establishing criteria for developing each phase?
Is it true that a longer half-life implies a longer duration of drug effect?
An example of electrotherapy is:
The overload principle states that exercise must push muscles to work at a higher level than they are accustomed to. Which option best represents this idea?
Which of the following is not a component of the RICE protocol?
The direct coupling method for ultrasound involves applying the transducer with which coupling agents?
What is the paraffin bath temperature range?
In the near field, the energy distribution can be described as what?
What is the correct order of the RICE acronym as it is commonly taught?
What is one purpose of Controlled Compression Therapy Units (CCT)?
Duty cycle in electrical stimulation is defined as the ratio of what to what?
Pregnancy is listed as a contraindication for ultrasound therapy. Which option reflects that?
Which condition occurs when the foot or hand is in contact with the ground, bearing weight?
Why is pulsed ultrasound intensity higher than continuous intensity?
What effect does thermal diathermy have during the inflammatory response?
Static electricity is best described as what?
In ultrasound, the coupling medium is used to ...
Energy transmission in ultrasound relies on density changes during which phases?
How many frequencies are listed for diathermy in the material?
Which type of repair involves damaged cells being repaired by the same type of cell?
KT is an acronym for which concept in knowledge translation?
In the remodeling phase, what occurs to stabilize and restore the injury site?
In superficial wounds treated with diathermy, which practice should be avoided?
During the rarefaction phase of the crystal, density is?
Approximately how long after treatment might blood flow increase as a result of ultrasound?
Adipose tissue and diathermy: what is the consideration?
Transmission of energy across tissue boundaries is most affected by:
Ultrasound waves propagate parallel to which direction?
What is cold urticaria?
Hydrophobic drugs are typically what?
The phase where collagen synthesis and granulation tissue form is which?
Joint mechanoreceptors are found in all of the following structures except:
Which statement best describes Phobia?
How is negligence defined in this context?
What frequency range is commonly cited for continuous ultrasound in wound healing?
Bone grows via a process of apposition and resorption on its surface. Which cells are responsible for the resorption of bone during its growth or repair?
Dexamethasone (Decadron) is
Mechanoreceptors respond to which type of stimuli?
High-volt pulsed current stimulation (HVPCS) is best described as which of the following?
What term denotes the time required for the amount of drug in the blood to be reduced by half?
What does intensity describe in ultrasound therapy?
Match the diathermy method with its correct description: Induction method; Capacitive method; Drum method; Cable method.
A commonly cited limitation in diathermy research is that studies tend to be small.
Russian electrical stimulation is designed to produce:
Which criterion is commonly cited as a limitation in ultrasound research?
Ultrasound and tissue elasticity are described as what effect?
Which term refers to scheduled drugs with abuse potential that require more stringent distribution, storage, and record-keeping?
Which effect targets reduction in pain and muscle spasm?
Neurapraxia typically heals in approximately how long?
What is the recommended intensity range for superficial wounds when using pulsed ultrasound at 20% duty cycle?
Cryostretch is defined as alternating cold application, passive stretch, and resistive muscle contraction for rehabilitating which condition?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between bone pain and ultrasound exposure in this material?
During remodeling, wound contraction is well under way, and Type III collagen is converted to Type I collagen to stabilize and restore the injury site.
Brief-Intense mode stimulates which fibers?
Petrissage is best described as which action?
Which term describes activity requiring oxygen and typically associated with long-distance running?
Which configuration describes the cable method in diathermy?
When ultrasound waves encounter bone, what may occur to the wave type?
Which factor is NOT listed as affecting ultrasound outcomes?
How are ultrasound waves produced in the transducer?
Which scale is the most complex pain scale, using pictures, scales, and words to describe pain?
If an athlete needs to lose weight for health reasons, how many calories must his or her daily diet be reduced by in order to lose 1-2 lbs per week?
Which technique is used to combine and summarize results of several studies?
Which five pain scales are commonly used?
For acute injuries, should ultrasound be applied in pulsed or continuous mode?
Spatial average temporal average intensity is best described as which quantity?
The coulomb is the basic unit of electric charge produced by approximately 6.28 x 10^18 displaced electrons.
Phase 2 is characterized by which timing and duration?
In relation to injury response, diathermy is described as providing which effect?
The term "half layer" in ultrasound refers to what?
Agility is best described as?
Which of the following is a nonthermal effect of ultrasound?
Which medication category is used with ultrasound and is a steroid?
In capacitive field diathermy, where are the electrodes placed?
What is the typical paraffin bath treatment time?
What is the final step of the eight-step clinical decision making process?
Continuous Shortwave Diathermy (CSWD) is used to achieve which of the following effects?
Fluidotherapy is best described as which kind of modality?
Which current is specifically associated with muscle reeducation by producing isometric contractions?
In the RICE protocol, when should compression be applied?
Which type of knee brace is designed to be used rehabilitatively following surgical repair to allow controlled progressive immobilization?
Pulsed diathermy is associated with which healing change?
What does a lower BNR indicate?
Which of the following best represents the sensory nerve fiber types mentioned?
What is the main event during epithelization?
As distance increases, the beam becomes more uniform. This statement is:
Pulsed output in ultrasound is associated with what effect?
Which pair are pain nerve fibers according to the material?
Which description matches the sensory mode of TENS for acute pain?
Phase 1 begins immediately after injury and may last up to 4 days. What is its primary focus?
Which of the following is listed as types of Personality Disorder?
During Phase 3, which types of training are emphasized?
Which statement best describes the remodeling phase?
Which term is defined as repetitively moving soft tissue back and forth over the underlying bone with minimal joint movement?
What is stated about pulsed diathermy controversy?
Injury response process and ultrasound: effects depend on which factors?
Which of the following is a tissue response indicating a sustained muscle contraction?
Which statement best describes collagen during healing?
Which is a primary effect of massage on soft tissues?
Aspirin is described as the most commonly used drug to relieve pain and inflammation. This statement is best represented by which choice?
Which process involves the arrival and movement of white blood cells to the injured tissue?
Which tissue property is a primary determinant of ultrasound absorption?
Which term refers to the practice of standard care and widely used therapies in treatment?
Thermal effect of diathermy compared with ultrasound is that heat is retained how long?
Which outcome aligns with tissue extensibility improvement when using ultrasound?
Direct transfer of energy between two objects in physical contact is called which?
What is the purpose of a disperse electrode?
NOCSAE certification for helmets ensures which of the following?
Which elements should be included on ultrasound equipment labeling?
The breakdown of the cell membrane and its organelles is best described as which ultrastructural change?
The term that describes the inability to fully move a joint due to the length of the muscle is:
Ultrasound is used to manage which of the following soft-tissue conditions?
Which statement best describes the endogenous modulators discussed?
What is the reported effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound for 20 minutes on fracture healing?
Which labeling is required on ultrasound equipment?
Why can bone be damaged by ultrasound?
The female athletic triad consists of which components?
Contrast bath therapy involves:
Which statement is cited as a controversy in ultrasound research?
In burst mode, after the burst interval ends, the current:
Anxiety disorders can cause which of the following symptoms?
Vibration consists of finite, gentle, rhythmic movement of the fingers to vibrate the underlying tissues. It is used for relaxation or stimulation. Which describes Vibration?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the female athletic triad?
Which statement about NSAIDs is true?
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of progression in rehab?
What is cavitation?
During crutch fitting, the elbow should be bent at approximately how many degrees?
The induction method used in diathermy is primarily which type?
During electrical stimulation, which electrode is the cathode?
Isokinetic training is best defined as generation of a muscular force with visible joint movement that occurs at a constant speed but with variable external resistance.
The size of the crystal inside the ultrasound machine primarily affects which aspect of the beam?

BOC Domain 4 Treatment and Rehab – Therapeutic Modalities Practice Test

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