BOC Domain 4 Treatment and Rehab – Therapeutic Modalities Practice Test

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Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation stretching involves which features?
Which of the following is an example of light therapy?
Which device is more effective in decreasing skin temperature during cryotherapy?
Four weeks post-operatively after shoulder arthroscopy, a patient has limited abduction due to capsular stiffness. Which joint glide would be most appropriate to improve this motion?
Which term describes the overall energy carried by the ultrasound waves per unit area?
Which statement best describes typical NMES characteristics?
Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome involves the initial mobilization of resources to cope with a stressor?
Which statement best describes how frequency affects the depth of heating?
A larger ERA beam is described as which of the following?
What is the paraffin bath temperature range?
In the eight steps of clinical decision making, which action is performed after establishing goals?
Which outcome is associated with friction massage?
Which term describes summation when multiple sub stimuli converge on a neuron at the same time?
Which of the following is a healing phase?
In the near field, the energy distribution can be described as what?
Which of the following is a nonthermal effect of ultrasound?
Which statement about inflammation is true?
Which rehab phase is designated for injuries that require surgical repair?
What is the second phase in the listed sequence of injury phases?
For continuous ultrasound, the main effect is?
Which statement best describes how ultrasound energy is transformed within tissues to produce heat?
What characterizes dose oriented ultrasound treatments?
Lymph-edema Pump therapy typically lasts how long per session and how many times per day?
What is the duty cycle in ultrasound therapy?
Which action is commonly associated with NSAIDs?
The point at which something begins to hurt
Phonophoresis uses ultrasound to enhance absorption of which substances?
Ultrasound is used to manage which of the following soft-tissue conditions?
What is the primary purpose of record keeping in clinical practice?
Which statement best describes the secondary injury model?
Tapotement uses sharp, alternating, brisk hand movements, such as hacking, slapping, beating, cupping, and clapping, to increase blood flow and stimulate peripheral nerve endings. Which is Tapotement?
Which modality is considered among the four healing modifiers?
How is negligence defined in this context?
What type of ultrasound wave is used in tissue therapy?
In burst mode, after the burst interval ends, the current:
Stretching is used to improve which of the following?
Paranoia is best described as which of the following?
Which statement best defines negligence in a healthcare context?
A basketball player with a repeated ankle sprain returns for treatment and makes threats to leave if not helped. What would be the best response to this attention-seeking athlete?
What happens to a 1 MHz ultrasound beam when it travels through tissue?
Which of the following is not a component of the RICE protocol?
Ultrasound is used to manage which soft-tissue conditions?
In Cryostretch, how long should the ice remain on before stretching?
Which outcome aligns with tissue extensibility improvement when using ultrasound?
Continuous output in ultrasound is associated with what effect?
What voltage range is used by high-voltage electrical stimulation?
Which pain scale is described as a horizontal line with anchor points at each end and descriptors spread along the line?
The process by which immune cells engulf and remove debris is known as?
Energy transmission in ultrasound relies on density changes during which phases?
What mode of operation is typically used to achieve nonthermal effects in ultrasound?
Thermal diathermy applied to inflamed tissue is associated with which change?
What is the correct order of the three healing phases?
Continuous ultrasound effect on wound healing includes which outcome?
Which combination of media is listed as usable for transmitting ultrasound?
A fiber characteristics include which?
Which of the following is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma?
A physical agent is used for treating injuries and includes which items?
The induction method used in diathermy is primarily which type?
Which waveform configuration is used with high-voltage pulsed monophasic stimulation to minimize superficial tissue damage?
Which statement about reflection is true?
Which statement best describes heating depth as frequency increases?
Pulsed ultrasound is associated with nonthermal effects.
Which statement best describes a property of stretching as it relates to Golgi tendon organs?
Using ultrasound at 1.5 W/cm2 for 10 minutes can increase tissue temperature by approximately how many degrees Fahrenheit up to 2.5 cm deep?
Hot whirlpools are typically used at what temperature range for how long?
Which statement best describes the role of a density change at a boundary in ultrasound?
Which statement best describes the overall effect of ultrasound on inflammation and healing according to the material?
Which mechanism best explains how capacitive diathermy delivers energy to tissue?
Which factors influence the depth of cold penetration during cryotherapy?
What is the purpose of a disperse electrode?
What type of crystal acts as the piezoelectric element in ultrasound transducers?
Which phase is characterized by an initial barrier of tissue being formed?
Stable cavitation occurs when gas bubbles compress under high pressure and decompress under low pressure. Which option best describes this process?
Effleurage is a superficial, longitudinal stroke used to relax the patient. When applied toward the heart, it reduces swelling and aids venous return. What is another characteristic?
What are the four phases of healing?
In ultrasound, the coupling medium is used to ...
In electrotherapy, what does the bipolar technique entail?
During which healing phase do fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and collagen peak to begin granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis?
Which organ is the primary site of drug metabolism according to the source material?
Seasonal Affective Disorder is most likely to occur during which season?
Which item is a subcategory of acute care?
Thermotherapy refers to which modality?
Ultrasound effects on inflammation include which of the following?
What is the primary purpose of record keeping?
Which type of exercises may be safely initiated immediately after knee surgery?
Record keeping serves several purposes. Which of the following is a direct purpose?
According to the Decreased Injury Theory, cryotherapy primarily does what?
What does the production of black, tar-like stools indicate?
In the motor mode for chronic pain, which statement is true?
In the RICE protocol, when should compression be applied?
During crutch fitting, the elbow should be bent at approximately how many degrees?
NMES and TEN are forms of what category?
What does the gate control theory state?
Pulsed ultrasound on wound healing is described as having which action on open wounds?
If continuous ultrasound is used, water should be what temperature?
Which term describes the average intensity over the beam area and the pulse duration?
What diameter is specified for the treatment area in the material?
HBV is most commonly spread through which routes?
Lower BNR indicates what about the beam?
The transfer of research between researchers and practitioners is termed what?
Which of the following is a therapeutic effect sought with modalities such as ultrasound?
What is the only NSAID used topically in the United States?
Which statement is cited as a controversy in ultrasound research?
Which of the following is listed as an advantage of phonophoresis?
Heat production is related to which factor?
Total power in ultrasound therapy is measured in which unit?
A smaller ERA beam is described as which?
How many frequencies are listed for diathermy in the material?
Brief-intense TENS is also known as noxious TENS. Which of the following characterizes it?
In the remodeling phase, which change describes the capillary network?
What is the primary purpose of knowledge translation in healthcare?
Which current is specifically associated with muscle reeducation by producing isometric contractions?
Which combination of symptoms is commonly associated with Graves' disease?
In brief-intense TENS, the intensity is typically:
Which statement best defines isometric exercise?
Which statement correctly defines MHz?
Contrast bath therapy involves:
Which statement is true about the cable method?
What is the primary use for ultrasound?
Strengthening which muscle is vital for throwing athletes?
How many cardinal signs and symptoms of injury are listed?
During proliferation, what is occurring?
A reaction that results from summation is called?
Convection is described as a more rapid heat transfer process than conduction and occurs when what moves across the body?
Which scale has a line with contrasting descriptors at either end?
Which statement about isotonic external rotation exercises is accurate?
Standing waves in ultrasound therapy create which of the following?
Anxiety disorders can cause which of the following symptoms?
For continuous ultrasound in wound healing, a frequency around 1 to 1.5 MHz for about 5 minutes daily is associated with which outcome?
What is the purpose of a disperse electrode or stim pad in ultrasound therapy?
Ballistic stretching is best described by which of the following?
In pulsed ultrasound, which statement is true?
Which contraction occurs when the resistance is greater than the muscular force and the muscle lengthens while contracting?
Paraffin bath treatment time is typically
Which statement best defines conversion in energy modalities?
Continuous Shortwave Diathermy (CSWD) is used to accomplish which of the following?
Which term correctly describes the basic unit of charge produced by 6.28 x 10^18 electrons?
Which term describes activity requiring oxygen and typically associated with long-distance running?
During the proliferation phase of wound healing, which events reach a peak to initiate granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis?
Which statement best describes collagen during healing?
The process of digesting cellular debris is called what?
In electrotherapy, what term describes the substance that facilitates the transmission of electrical current from the electrodes to the skin?
What term refers to a reason to do something in treatment planning?
the minimal point at which a stimulus causes an action potential to occur
Name the six classes of modalities.
How long does emergency care last?
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of progression in rehab?
Which statement about electrode sizes is true in electrical stimulation?
Approximately how many electrons correspond to one coulomb of charge?
Cryokinetics involve alternation of cold with what?
The size of the crystal inside the ultrasound machine primarily affects which aspect of the beam?
During inflammation, the injury is contained and stabilized and debris is removed.
KT is an acronym for which concept in knowledge translation?
Spatial average intensity is measured in which units?
Which of the following is NOT one of the seven tools for relieving pain?
What goes in the assessment portion of a SOAP note?
Which observation describes how ultrasound energy behaves at a boundary where density changes, with some energy continuing to the next tissue?
Which of the following best represents the sensory nerve fiber types mentioned?
HBV can survive in dried blood for at least how long?
What are the two settings for ultrasound?
An example of thermotherapy is:
What is vasculitis?
What is the primary purpose of a sports bra?
Which statement is true about diathermy effects?
If a drug distributes extensively into body tissues, what can be inferred about its volume of distribution?
When rehabilitating a cervical strain, the athletic trainer must maintain the integrity of which region?
Herpes simplex labialis is caused by which pathogen and commonly presents as what?
Which type of repair involves damaged cells being repaired by the same type of cell?
Which knee brace is designed to be worn during and after rehab to provide support during functional activities?
Increasing the duty cycle during therapeutic ultrasound will most directly increase which of the following?
In brief-intense TENS, what electrode placement technique is MOST commonly used?
What is spatial peak intensity?
During PNF stretching, a typical cycle includes which sequence?
Phase 2 is characterized by which timing and duration?
Streptococcus is commonly found in which areas of the body?
In the eight-step clinical decision making process, what is the first step?
Which modality is used for drug delivery via iontophoresis?
According to the traditional decreased blood flow theory, what effect does cold have on swelling?
Brief-Intense mode stimulates which fibers?
Percussion massage is commonly known as tapotement and is typically performed with which hand position?
Which topical OTC antibacterial contains neomycin?
Therapeutic ultrasound intensities are expressed in W/cm2 and range from
Which acronym refers to a concise, critical summary of evidence on a focused clinical question?
Which sequence describes an open chain condition where the limb is off the ground?
Which natural crystal is a piezoelectric material used in some ultrasound devices?
What ultrasound parameter is associated with increasing the breaking strength of a healing incision when used continuously?
During remodeling, which process occurs?
Convection heat transfer occurs when which occurs?
Secondary injury to injured cells is caused by two main factors, which are?
Mobilizing and transporting pathogens from the injury site through vessels is described as which process?
Which option is not a nonthermal effect of ultrasound?
Which parameter defines the rate of energy absorption per tissue area in diathermy?
The process of translating science from the research laboratory to clinical practice is termed what?
Galvanic current is another name for which category of electrical stimulation?
Which statement defines transmission?
Transmission of energy across tissue boundaries is most affected by:
Temporal summation is the type of summation that occurs when
The two types of tissue repair are?
Pain during ultrasound can be caused by which factors?
What is the stated purpose of the pad (bladder) method?
Continuous ultrasound on injury response process tends to do what?
What does gate control theory state?
Which modality category includes ice packs and cold whirlpool?
______ is a type of electrotherapy used to reeducate muscle.
When diathermy is used over adipose tissue, what is the primary safety concern?
Which of the following is NOT a cardinal sign of injury?
Cryostretch combines alternating cold application, passive stretch, and resistive muscle contraction to rehabilitate what kind of injuries?
Which heat transfer mechanism involves heat transfer through a moving medium such as air or water, causing temperature variations?
Which fiber carries nociceptive signals associated with acute pain and is larger and faster-acting than C fibers?
In bipolar technique, what is the effect of using equal-size electrodes on current distribution?
Which effect would improve tissue extensibility?
The reflection of ultrasound at tissue interfaces mainly depends on differences in what property?
Which is the third stage of care?
Record keeping supports communication in which three areas?
Bone burning from ultrasound is most likely associated with which type of pain?
Paraffin baths are used to treat subacute or chronic rheumatoid arthritis with joint stiffness and decreased ROM. What is the typical paraffin bath temperature?
Thermal effect of diathermy compared with ultrasound is that heat is retained how long?
Which best describes impediments to implementing evidence-based practice (EBP)?
Spatial average density corresponds to?
Under PCT, which component goes?
High-voltage electrical stimulation is noted for several uses; which is NOT one of them?
Pulsed diathermy is associated with which of the following tissue changes?
Which of the following is a goal for orthopedic injury rehabilitation?
Which phenomenon involves energy crossing a boundary and changing direction due to density differences?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between bone pain and ultrasound exposure in this material?
Which value describes pulsed duty cycle as indicated in the source?
Unhappy triad involves injuries to which structures?
What is the recommended cold whirlpool temperature and duration?
When a skin area is anesthetized, it is best described as which?
Which item is NOT listed among the seven pain-relief tools?
The muscle that contracts to cause movement is known as the what?
Penicillins, tetracycline, and sulfonamides are examples of what category?
Burst mode in electrical stimulation is defined as:
Diathermy uses what kind of waves?
the action of one agent on another that evokes activity in the receiving structure or agent
Which of the following are subcategories of acute care?
How should electrodes be applied relative to muscle fibers?
The SAID principle implies that adaptations are what?
During epithelization, what is the main event occurring?
Contraindications are ...
The half-life of a drug is determined by which processes?
Which statement reflects a nonthermal effect that promotes tissue remodeling?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process involves which cell type?
Acute care refers to treatment of an acute injury during which time frame after injury?
Which kind of trauma is classified as macrotrauma?
When rehabilitating a musculoskeletal injury, what is the proper progression of treatment?
Which items should be kept as records?
Which modality causes a tissue temperature rise in deeper tissues?
Activity on a neuron that, when it returns prohibits future activity on that neuron is called?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a therapeutic reason?
Continuous Shortwave Diathermy (CSWD) is used to achieve which of the following effects?
Which is a therapeutic goal of deep heating?
A larger ERA beam is described as which?
Enkephalin response blocks gate by interfering with which fibers?
The secondary injury model encompasses three things; what are they?
Ultrasound should not be used for fractures at which sites?
Which output mode is associated with nonthermal effects in therapeutic ultrasound?
The transmission of an ultrasound wave is described as which process?
The burst mode in electrical stimulation is defined as...
Heat production during ultrasound treatment is related to which concept?
Hyperemia is defined as
What term describes a process by which subthreshold stimulus add together to evoke a response?
Which tissue property is a primary determinant of ultrasound absorption?
Which term refers to the muscle contraction that causes movement?
Which effect is described by micromassage in nonthermal ultrasound?
Which of the following is a valid coupling method for ultrasound?
In energy modalities, what is conversion?
Refraction in ultrasound occurs when:
Capacitive method is thermal through which mechanism?
Which statement about Graves' disease is correct?
Match the diathermy method with its correct description: Induction method; Capacitive method; Drum method; Cable method.
What is a reported effect of ultrasound on nerve conduction?
Spatial Average Temporal Average (SATA) intensity corresponds to?
Inflammation serves two purposes in tissue response. Which pair best describes these purposes?
What is the primary intent of cold application immediately following injury?
What four factors comprise the systematic approach to selecting a modality?
What best describes a shotgun approach in therapeutic modalities?
There are 4 types of common noxious stimuli, what are they?
Is a patient with a cardiac pacemaker a contraindication for diathermy?
Infection can begin to appear within what timeframe after exposure?
Intensity in ultrasound refers to what?
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TEN) is primarily used to depolarize sensory nerves to modulate pain. Which nerves are targeted?
What sensations are reported with brief-intense TENS?
What is the typical progression order for strengthening exercises?
Which records should be kept?
Where is the primary location for ATP production in skeletal muscle?
Which term represents the last phase listed in the eight phases of injury?
The buoyant (upward) force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Which statement describes this principle?
Which statement best describes the endogenous modulators discussed?
The healing phase characterized by reestablishment of the epithelial barrier is which?
Which option is NOT a typical purpose of keeping records?
Which statement describes transmission of energy in tissue?
Which statement best describes thermotherapy in rehabilitation?
The rapid, controlled use of brief, rhythmic strokes is an example of which massage category?
Which statement best describes Russian stimulation?
Is ultrasound recommended for acute injuries?
Which section would contain the plan of care?
When using a lower intensity, you should do what?
In cryokinetics, after applying cold to numb the area, what is the recommended next step?
In the acute phase of an ankle injury, whirlpool water temperature should be set to what range?
Which statement best explains the SAID principle?
The pad method is especially used for which body parts?
Swelling and edema often occur during which process?
Continuous ultrasound is defined as:
Activity on a neuron that, when it returns, facilitates future activity on that neuron is called?
What is the recommended treatment area size relative to the transducer?
The amount of ultrasound energy absorbed by tissue primarily depends on which tissue characteristic?
Anaerobic exercise is characterized by which of the following?
The area of the brain that assists in controlling movement is ______.
Which statement best describes the energy delivery difference between pulsed and continuous ultrasound?
Depression is characterized by which of the following symptoms?
Pulsed diathermy healing is associated with an increase in which process?
Injury response process and ultrasound: effects depend on which factors?
The breakdown of the cell membrane and its organelles is best described as which ultrastructural change?
Which term denotes the non-proprietary name of a drug, not owned by anyone, representing its chemical identity?
Flexibility describes which ability?
Which characteristic promotes absorption of a drug across lipid membranes?
The total power of ultrasound is measured in which unit?
Agility in movement is defined as what?
Using a 3 inch diameter sound head is associated with which outcome?
Is there a vaccine to prevent Hepatitis C (HCV)?
Which of the following is an example of hydrotherapy?
Which scale is a horizontal line with anchor points at each end and descriptors spread along the line?
Isometric Exercise is best described as which?
The two types of pain relief are?
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is described as occurring in individuals who have suffered a very traumatic event and is associated with which symptoms?
What is the correct sequence for rehab of a grade II ankle sprain?
What is the hallmark feature of vasculitis?
Which crystal material is used in the ultrasound transducer?
Which is a common adverse effect of an opioid analgesic?
The PTSD description in the material emphasizes which symptoms?
Which tissue response involves movement of ions under an electric field?
Which statement correctly describes the energy localization on the sound head?
How often must ultrasound equipment be calibrated?
Which statement best describes Phobia?
Micromassage moves what?
The capacitive diathermy method primarily produces heat by which mechanism?
Which contraction occurs when the muscle contracts to increase tension but there is no change in length?
Bacillus is best described as which of the following?
Why is pulsed ultrasound intensity higher than continuous intensity?
Ultrasound is commonly used for which diagnostic imaging purpose?
In continuous ultrasound, spatial peak intensity is determined by which parameter?
Which of the following best describes the pharmacologic management of epilepsy?
The three stages of care are?
Tissue healing is thought to occur predominantly through which effects?
The coulomb is the basic unit of electric charge produced by approximately 6.28 x 10^18 displaced electrons.
Which item is NOT listed as a contraindication to ultrasound?
High-voltage pulsed stimulation may be used as an adjunct tx in controlling acute and chronic pain through what 2 mechanisms?
Which of the following is an integration for clinical decision making?
What happens to the beam as distance from the transducer increases?
What is a potential drawback of the immersion technique mentioned in the material?
Diathermy effects on injury response includes which characteristic?
Biphasic current is characterized by which feature?
An unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
Which statement is not a goal of massage?
Static stretching is defined as which of the following?
Beyond diagnostic imaging, ultrasound can be used for which purpose?
Which of the following is a pro of phonophoresis?
Higher frequency beam will
Nonthermal effects can cause which of the following cellular activities?
What term describes the procedures, actions, and processes a healthcare provider is permitted to undertake within the bounds of their professional license?
The amount of ultrasound absorption depends on
Hepatitis B (HBV) attacks which organ?
In the acute injury management using RICE, which statement is correct?
What is the reported continuous effect of ultrasound on tissue healing?
During isotonic external rotation of the glenohumeral joint in shoulder rehabilitation, which muscle is primarily involved?
Which healing phase is characterized by fibroblast activity and collagen realignment?
Immersion technique is particularly used for treating which area?
A combination of speed of movement and coordination; developed as skill patterns are performed quickly, usually with sport-specific team drills.
Which of the following is listed as types of Personality Disorder?
What does the SAID principle state?
Dynamic stretching before activity is described as which?
What is the maximum Beam Uniformity Ratio (BNR) that should not be exceeded in therapeutic ultrasound?
What does continuous ultrasound imply?
Cryotherapy refers to which concept?
What frequency range is commonly cited for continuous ultrasound in wound healing?
What is a neurapraxia?
Which type of pain scale uses numbers and descriptors?
In the far field, as distance increases, the beam tends to become more what?
Rehab Goals suggest that short-term goals should be what?
Which sequence correctly lists the four steps to the orthopedic injury model?
Ultrasound can be used for both therapeutic heating and diagnostic imaging.
What does a lower BNR indicate?
Ptosis is
Type of repair where damaged cells are repaired by the same type of cell?
Which brain structure relays nociceptive signals from the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex in the described pain pathway?
High-volt pulsed current stimulation (HVPCS) is best described as which of the following?
Which of the following is NOT among the five common pain scales?
Personality Disorder is described as which of the following?
Which area is listed as a contraindication for ultrasound therapy?
Which statement describes refraction?
Which phase is primarily concerned with capillary formation and collagen synthesis?
Which change in blood and fluid dynamics is described with diathermy?
Which item is listed as an impediment to implementing evidence-based practice (EBP)?
Which quantity is defined as energy per unit time?
Induction method is primarily which type?
What are the three stages of care?
Acute care has three subcategories, what are they?
Record keeping provides three areas of communication. Which are they?
An injury of sudden onset, caused by high-intensity, short-duration forces; examples are sprains, strains, and contusions.
What must be present in the drum diathermy configuration to manage moisture?
Reflection in ultrasound is best described as:
What is the heat transfer method used in diathermy?
Which of the following is NOT among the listed goals for orthopedic injury rehabilitation?
Which of the following is an example of mechanotherapy?
When ultrasound waves hit bone, what happens to the wave type according to the material?
Which elements should be included on ultrasound equipment labeling?
During Phase 3, which types of training are emphasized?
Isometric exercise is best described as which of the following?
The traditional decreased blood flow theory states what?
Hepatitis C (HCV) infection: what percentage have no signs or symptoms?
Which brain region is the final site for conscious perception of pain in the described pathway?
Dexamethasone (Decadron) is
At a tissue interface, what primary ultrasound phenomenon occurs due to impedance mismatch?
Which statement about acetaminophen is true?
The statement that compression of crystal leads to high particle density indicates:
In fluidotherapy, the therapeutic temperature range is normally set to which of the following?
What does megahertz (MHz) indicate in ultrasound therapy?
In biomechanics, which statement best defines stress?
Russian electrical stimulation is designed to produce:
What is the five-step application framework for immediate care?
KT stands for which term?
What is proprioception?
What risk is associated with not moving the sound head during treatment?
Which effect targets reduction in pain and muscle spasm?
What is considered the best quality type of evidence in clinical decision making?
What does a 100% duty cycle indicate in continuous ultrasound?
Russian electrical stimulation is designed to produce what kind of contraction?
In the described pain pathway, which structure acts as the relay between the spinal cord and cerebral cortex?
Specific absorption rate measures what?
Clonic contractions involve which physiologic pattern?
Which is a common goal of electrical therapy in rehabilitation?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended step when fitting a football helmet?
Which of the following is a common crystal material referenced for ultrasound transducers in older equipment?
What is a protective spasm of the muscular abdominal wall called?
Alternating current is defined as which of the following?
What amount of time may it take for complete remodeling of tissues to occur after a soft tissue injury?
Which section of a SOAP note would include range-of-motion measurements and other test results?
What is the efferent response to sensory information commonly called?
What is the primary purpose of using a coupling medium in ultrasound practice?
What are the seven tools for relieving pain?
3 MHz gets warm faster due to which characteristic?
Cavitation refers to
Which of the following is an opioid analgesic?
The two types of pain relief are?
What is the direct mechanism by which the transducer emits ultrasound?
Which condition occurs when the foot or hand is in contact with the ground, bearing weight?
For superficial wounds, diathermy is generally avoided because it can cause moisture.
Neurapraxia typically presents with which combination?
What are the four sensations an athlete will experience with the application of cryotherapy?
What is cold urticaria?
Cryotherapy is usually applied for 20 to 30 minutes several times a day for maximum cooling of both superficial and deep tissues. How is this practice best described?
Which term represents the brand name owned by a pharmaceutical company?
Mechanotherapy is a class of modalities that primarily uses which approach?
What are the two types of pain nerve fibers?
CAP stands for which term in the material?
During the compression phase of the ultrasound crystal, which density is produced?
The muscle opposite the agonist, which lengthens when the agonist contracts to move a limb, is called the what?
Which modality should be used sparingly, if at all, with multiple sclerosis?
The nonthermal effect of ultrasound is called?
Pulsed ultrasound is associated with what effect on open wounds?
What does a duty cycle value of 100 indicate?
Which contraction involves the muscle shortening to overcome or move resistance?
Cryokinetics is best described as which of the following?
Which pain scale has a line with contrasting descriptors at either end of the line?
Which intensity is usually too hot for therapeutic ultrasound?
As the duty cycle approaches 100%, what happens to the thermal effect?
If an athlete needs to lose weight for health reasons, how many calories must his or her daily diet be reduced by in order to lose 1-2 lbs per week?
Which of the following is a true composite statement about diathermy biophysical effects?
After rehab, which brace is used to prevent recurrent injury while maintaining ROM?
Is there an immunization available for Hepatitis B (HBV)?
What are the four phases of healing?
Which rehab phase begins immediately after injury and focuses on swelling control and pain modulation using RICE?
Where is Staphylococcus normally present?
Phase 1 may last up to how many days?
Which content goes in the plan of care portion of a SOAP note?
Which term lists the five cardinal signs and symptoms of injury?
When multiple sub stimuli converge on one cell body simultaneously
In the objective portion of a SOAP note, which information goes there?
Direct current is defined as which of the following?
Which wound types are commonly recognized in wound management texts?
Which of the following are signs and symptoms commonly associated with HIV infection?
Absorption in tissue energy transfer refers to energy absorbed by which of the following?
Spatial peak intensity is measured in which units?
What is the recommended whirlpool temperature range for ice immersion?
Ultrasound and tissue elasticity are described as what effect?
According to Maitland's five grades of joint motion, which grade would be most appropriate when joint movement is limited by pain and spasm?
In therapeutic ultrasound, what is the primary purpose?
Which parameter indicates how much of the treatment time the ultrasound is on?
Drug metabolism is best defined as?
Pulsed intensity is higher because?
A larger ERA beam is associated with which description?
What is the primary purpose of using a gel-based medium in therapeutic ultrasound?
In a SOAP note, which section commonly documents the clinician's diagnosis?
In the systematic approach to selecting a modality, which step involves establishing criteria for developing each phase?
In a SOAP note, which section would most likely include a clinician's impression of the patient's progress after treatment sessions?
Biophysical effects of diathermy include which of the following?
What are the two types of pain nerve fibers?
Duty cycle in electrical stimulation is defined as the ratio of what to what?
The term associated with persistent fear and avoidance of a stimulus is which?
What is the final step of the eight-step clinical decision making process?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process is associated with which cellular mediator?
In the lower extremity D1 flexion pattern, which combination of hip movements is performed?
What is the recommended intensity range for superficial wounds when using pulsed ultrasound at 20% duty cycle?
After a rotator cuff repair, which muscle needs strengthening?
Which term best defines the average energy of a single pulsed ultrasound wave?
In the drum configuration for diathermy, what item is essential?
Which item is part of the systematic approach to selecting a modality?
Panic Attacks are best described as which of the following?
Polydipsia is best defined as which symptom?
What are the typical water temperatures for whole-body and extremity whirlpool treatments?
Continuous ultrasound is associated with which type of effects?
Which item is included in the recommended records to keep?
Volume of distribution refers to what?
Capacitive method is more ______ than induction method.
Which technique combines traction with varying amounts of stretch to produce a moderate sustained force on the muscle and its fascia to lengthen them?
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is described as which of the following?
The overload principle states that exercise must push muscles to work at a higher level than they are accustomed to. Which option best represents this idea?
Which medication is NOT a predisposer to heat illness?
Which scale captures qualitative descriptions of pain across multiple dimensions?
What is the reported effect of continuous ultrasound on the injury response process?
Which condition is characterized by color changes in the digits due to vasospasm triggered by cold or emotional stress?
Conduction is the direct transfer of energy between two objects in physical contact with each other. What is necessary to initiate this transfer?
In the shoulder, posterior instability requires avoiding which combination of motions?
Massage can control pain by activating which systems?
Which three frequencies are listed for diathermy?
Which pairing correctly describes the modes of diathermy application?
What is the upward force experienced by a body submerged in a fluid that opposes gravity, giving the sensation of weightlessness in water?
Which phase involves remodeling of tissue and maturation of collagen?
What is the correct sequence of tissue healing?
Intensity in this context refers to what?
How are ultrasound waves produced in the transducer?
Why is exercise important to healing?
A SOAP note is best described as?
Which statement best defines a therapeutic modality?
Which tissue type has relatively little effect on ultrasound propagation?
For acute injuries, should ultrasound be applied in pulsed or continuous mode?
An intensity of 1.5-2.0 W/cm2 is typically what?
Biofeedback is described as what process?
The secondary injury model encompasses three factors. Which set correctly lists them?
Which term best describes the ability to generate force quickly?
Which of the following is an indication for neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)?
Depth of cold penetration (4-5 cm) depends on which factors?
Which organization establishes minimum safety standards for protective helmets used in football, baseball, softball, and lacrosse?
What is the maximum recommended Beam Uniformity Ratio (BNR) value?
For a transverse wave, the particle displacement is oriented relative to the direction of propagation as?
Why is RICE applied?
KT stands for which term?
Spatial average intensity is measured in which units?
Which term is the study of the factors that affect the time course of the drug's events?
What is the primary intent of cold application immediately after injury?
An unpleasant sensory or emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
What is the process by which subthreshold stimuli add together to evoke a response?
Pulsed ultrasound on wound healing has what effect on open wounds?
Which term describes a concise, focused summary used to answer a clinical question after reviewing evidence?
An example of mechanotherapy is:
Spatial average temporal peak intensity describes the average intensity during which period?
What mechanism explains heat production in short-wave diathermy?
KT stands for which term?
Static electricity is best described as what?
Which scale is the most complex pain scale, using pictures, scales, and words to describe pain?
What is a stretching exercise that consists of a 'stretch and hold' position called?
Which class includes laser therapy and other light-based treatments?
Which of the following numbers is not listed as a diathermy frequency?
Effleurage is a superficial, longitudinal stroke to relax the patient. When applied toward the heart, it reduces swelling and aids in venous return. It begins and ends each massage. Which statement about effleurage is true?
High-voltage pulsed monophasic generators deliver current to deep tissues without damaging superficial tissues and are used for pain modulation. What type of waveform is used with this type stimulation?
At the cellular level, ultrasound can cause micro streaming that increases what?
Which statement about diathermy safety and radio frequencies is true?
What is stated about Microcurrent Electrical Nerve Stimulation (MENS) in the material?
Which stretching technique is described as the technique of choice before activity?
Which modality is explicitly noted as increasing blood flow to tissues?
In capacitive field diathermy, how are the electrodes placed?
What is the primary purpose of Controlled Compression Therapy (CCT) units?
Diaphoresis is defined as which of the following?
Paraffin baths are used to treat which conditions?
Duty cycle refers to:
Which sound head diameter is associated with treating a bigger area?
What is one purpose of Controlled Compression Therapy Units (CCT)?
Which are the four traditional sources of evidence listed for evidence-based practice?
Which process involves the arrival and movement of white blood cells to the injured tissue?
Give an example of cryotherapy.
Which massage stroke involves rapid oscillatory movements?
Which of the following describes a therapeutic use of iontophoresis?
In a longitudinal ultrasound wave, particle displacement is what relative to the direction of travel?
The D2 flexion pattern of the hip engages which muscle groups?
A smaller ERA beam is described as which of the following?
The effective radiating area describes the area of the sound head that emits energy, which is:
Which organisms are the three most common bloodborne pathogens?
The crystal used to generate ultrasound in most transducers is best described as?
What is the pathway that pain takes in our body?
Injury response processes treated with ultrasound are influenced by which factors?
Which medication is commonly used in phonophoresis?
Which term describes the process by which the transducer converts electrical energy into ultrasound energy?
What is formed when a phagosome fuses with a lysosome?
When ultrasound waves encounter bone, what may occur to the wave type?
Which effect is aimed at preventing myositis ossificans?
Which statement best describes the role of TENS in pain management?
Continuous Ultrasound and tissue healing mentions which of the following processes?
Why is the repair response so limited in the articular cartilage of a joint after an injury in the adult athlete?
Which statement about multiple sclerosis and heat is true?
Which phase comes after Proliferation in the healing sequence?
Which medication category is used with ultrasound and is a steroid?
Which statement about nerve fibers is true?
Direct transfer of energy between two objects in physical contact is called which?
Which statement best describes the remodeling phase?
3-MHz ultrasound heats tissue to a depth of
Which modalities can be used in Phase 2?
A chronic injury is defined as:
A hockey helmet should fit in which manner?
Which cell type is primarily involved in engulfing bacteria during acute injury healing?
A treatment area limited to 1 inch in diameter corresponds to which larger area?
Spatial average temporal average intensity represents which concept?
How are ultrasound waves produced in the transducer?
In remodeling, what happens to the capillary arcade and collagen?
What is cavitation?
An example of electrotherapy is:
Isokinetic exercise is best described by which statement?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the remodeling phase?
To decrease tissue damage, continuous intensity should be?
Which statement accurately distinguishes acetaminophen from aspirin?
Which phase follows the cellular response in tissue healing?
Treatment parameters for diathermy should be tailored to the patient.
Shear waves are which type of waves?
Grave's disease is the most common form of which endocrine disorder?
Why are crushed ice packs more beneficial than gel packs?
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of progression in rehab?
Spatial Average Temporal Average (SATA) intensity is a measure of what?
In dose oriented treatments, what is the role of the machine?
When multiple sub stimuli converge on one cell body simultaneously, this is known as?
What is the correct order of the RICE acronym as it is commonly taught?
The near field of an ultrasound beam is characterized by which intensity pattern?
For an acute injury, ultrasound should be used with what duty cycle?
Ultrasound and nerve conduction are reported to do which of the following?
Cavitation in ultrasound refers to gas bubble formation as a result of which effects?
What is the typical paraffin bath treatment time?
Which configuration describes the cable method in diathermy?
What does intensity describe in ultrasound therapy?
What constitutes direct coupling for ultrasound?
Which statement best describes the near field in ultrasound therapy?
Which of the following is an effect of cold application?
According to the cosine law, the maximal heating effect occurs when energy strikes tissue at which angle?
Which mechanism contributes to tissue heating during ultrasound?
Half-life describes the rate at which a drug disappears from the body through which processes?
Which statement about the pad (bladder) method is true?
A stimulus below threshold is called which?
A dry, nonproductive cough is most commonly caused by what?
Which of the following is NOT one of the six classes of modalities?
The degree of caution and procedures required of an individual who is under a duty of care is termed what?
Ultrasound waves propagate parallel to which direction?
Flexibility is best defined as the ability to move joints through their full ROM with ease in which wording?
Why does a 3 MHz ultrasound beam heat tissue more quickly than a 1 MHz beam?
What is a hand dynamometer?
Which of the following are listed as contraindications to diathermy?
Diathermy is the therapeutic use of what to heat deep tissues?
Friction is the deepest form of massage and consists of deep, circular motions performed by the thumb, knuckles, or ends of the fingers at right angles to the involved tissue. These deep circular movements can loosen adherent fibrous tissue scars, aid in the absorption of an edema, and reduce localized muscular spasm. Which describes Friction?
What is stated about pulsed diathermy controversy?
What does the term 'half layer' help estimate in ultrasound treatment planning?
In continuous ultrasound, what is the duty cycle and effect?
Which sequence correctly lists the four healing phases in order?
What is defined as the maximum force that can be applied by a muscle during a single maximal contraction?
What best describes a rifle approach in therapeutic modalities?
What is the purpose of cryotherapy in inflammation, swelling, or edema?
Rarefaction of the crystal results in:
Treatment of an acute injury during the first 4 days after the injury.
What is the typical temperature range for an ice bath?
Which therapy combination includes alternating cold, passive stretch, and resistive contraction to address acute strains?
External muscular force available for useful work is the result of which factors EXCEPT?
RICE stands for?
Which of the following is an example of an acute injury?
Duty cycle in therapeutic ultrasound is defined as what?
Which of the following is NOT an NSAID?
Sensory receptors located at the musculotendinous junction, which monitor active tension generated by the muscle during a contraction are called?
Induction methods of diathermy involve placing the body part into what?
During inflammation, ultrasound can move tissues into which healing phase?
Phobia is defined as which of the following?
Which five pain scales are commonly used?
Which term describes the effect of the drug on the body and the effect of the body on the drug?
What is the typical maximum depth of penetration achievable with cryotherapy?
Acoustical streaming causes movement of particles toward which direction?
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) occurs after what kind of event, according to the definitions?
Which technique is used to combine and summarize results of several studies?
Which instrument would you use to measure grip strength in a clinical setting?
Which duty cycle values indicate pulsed ultrasound?
SAID stands for which principle?
Positive feedback in neurons is defined as
Which type of pain scale uses descriptors and no numbers?
What term identifies the maximum intensity within the ultrasound beam?
The near field is used for which purpose?
Duty cycle is defined as the percentage of time that ultrasound is generated, which equals what?
Which term describes any agent used to treat any microorganism, including bacteria, fungi, or viruses?
In relation to injury response, diathermy is described as providing which effect?
Passive insufficiency occurs when which condition is true?
Which of the following is not a biophysical effect of diathermy?
Hydrotherapy modalities include which of the following?
What happens to high peaks and valleys of intensity as distance increases?
Which of the following is a tissue response indicating a sustained muscle contraction?
The term 'effective radiating area' refers to what?
NOCSAE certification for helmets ensures which of the following?
Which of the following is a goal among the 10 goals for orthopedic injury rehabilitation?
For skin lesions and ulcers, what ultrasound frequency is recommended?
If the transducer is moved closer to the tissue, the intensity is:
During remodeling, which statement best describes the relationship between capillary changes and collagen restructuring?
Which of the following lists represents the ten goals for orthopedic injury?
Adipose tissue and diathermy: what is the consideration?
What term describes the procedures, actions and processes a healthcare provider is permitted to undertake within the terms of their professional license?
Which term describes the muscle that is being stretched?
A reaction that results from summation is called what?
Which modality among the seven tools is used for heating tissue?
What is the half layer depth in ultrasound terminology?
For underwater ultrasound, the recommended immersion medium is which?
What are the two types of anxiety disorders mentioned?
Longwave diathermy is the oldest method and is not used commonly anymore. Which option lists the other three diathermy modes?
Which option lists the full eight phases of injury as stated in the material?
McKenzie extension exercises are used for degenerative disk disease and postural dysfunction.
Why can bone be damaged by ultrasound?
Decreased injury theory states what?
Which material is not typically used as the active piezoelectric element in modern transducers?
Which massage technique is used to induce a sedative effect?
What is the typical treatment duration for ice immersion?
Record keeping can help identify which item to support communication within a clinic?
Joint mechanoreceptors are found in all of the following structures except:
What is the typical whirlpool immersion temperature for ice therapy?
Which statement best describes biofeedback in rehabilitation?
Which of the following describes a primary physiological response to cold application?
Which modality among the seven tools is used for cooling tissue?
ICD codes are used to classify which aspect of medical care?
Diathermy has which effect on blood and fluid dynamics?
The local response of the body to an injury or irritant is termed what?
Which of the following is not typically listed as a therapeutic purpose of modalities?
Negative feedback in neurons is defined as
What is the diameter range for A fibers?
Which statement describes the role of fibroblasts in tissue repair?
What is the minimal point at which a stimulus causes an action potential to occur?
Isotonic Exercise is defined by which feature?
Which of the following is not a typical ultrasound effect?
What is the main event during epithelization?
How deep does 3-MHz ultrasound typically heat tissue?
Which statement about NSAIDs is true?
Deep thermotherapy refers to modalities that cause what in deeper tissues?
Phase 3 has the ultimate goal of what?
For a paraffin bath, what is the safe wax temperature and the maximum acceptable temperature before risk of burn?
Which term is defined as the minimal stimulus intensity required to trigger an action potential?
Daily adjustable progressive resistive exercise (DAPRE) is characterized by which protocol?
Golgi tendon organs are sensory receptors located at the musculotendinous junction; they monitor active tension generated by the muscle during a contraction. What are they called?
Which term best describes the study of how drugs produce their effects at the cellular level, including receptor interactions?
Which mode is used to achieve nonthermal effects in acute conditions?
RICE stands for which sequence?
Which term describes the ability to perform activities for an extended period focusing on heart and lung function?
The female athletic triad consists of which components?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process is associated with an increase in which protein-related process?
What is a major disadvantage of PNF stretching?
In induction methods of diathermy, how is energy delivered?
Ideally, underwater ultrasound would use which type of water?
Ultrasound and tissue elasticity: what is the described effect?
Spatial summation is described as
Using ultrasound at 1.5 W/cm2 for 10 minutes can increase tissue temperature by approximately
During continuous ultrasound, what should be done to intensity to minimize tissue damage?
Which technique increases tissue extensibility by mobilizing dense connective tissue and aligning collagen fibers?
Which topical OTC antibacterial is a combination product that includes bacitracin?
How is Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmitted?
What does a contrast bath achieve in subacute or chronic injuries?
Petrissage increases venous and lymphatic return and removes metabolic waste from the injured area. True or False?
Which labeling is required on ultrasound equipment?
Which drug is an NSAID?
Cystic fibrosis can involve which organs besides the lungs?
The mechanism by which damaged cells release signals to recruit other cells is called what?
Mechanoreceptors respond to which type of stimuli?
A neoprene sleeve is typically used for which purpose?
Energy is located in the sound head in which location?
What does extension lag mean?
In the systematic approach to selecting a modality, which step involves assessing the limitations the injury places on modality selection?
What happens when tissue resistance increases during diathermy?
Which statement best describes drugs used for cold and allergy management?
Which sequence represents the pain pathway from stimulus to cerebral cortex as described?
What term denotes the time required for the amount of drug in the blood to be reduced by half?
Thermal effect of diathermy states that heat is retained how many times longer than ultrasound?
Nonthermal effects of ultrasound include which of the following?
Which of the following is a penicillin antibiotic?
Which of the following is NOT typically included in facet dysfunction treatment?
Using an ultrasound transducer as a stim produces stimulation that becomes electrical transmitted along with the ultrasound.
Which statement best describes thermotherapy in rehabilitation?
What would be a functional skill for a patient in an ankle rehabilitation program?
Which statement is not listed as a diathermy effect on blood and fluid dynamics?
Which statement best defines a closed circuit?
The bipolar technique uses:
How fast should you move the transducer during therapeutic ultrasound?
The beam non-uniformity ratio (BNR) is defined as which of the following?
Which chain occurs when the foot or hand is in contact with the ground and weight bearing?
How long does emergency care typically last?
Hyperemia is defined as which of the following?
In the subjective portion of a SOAP note, which information goes there?
Limiting the size of the treatment area in ultrasound therapy causes the waves to do what?
Which effect indicates improved circulation?
Which pain scale uses numbers and descriptors?
Which term best describes a phase marked by increased vascular permeability?
Protective knee braces are described as which of the following?
Which phenomenon is directly responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical waves in the ultrasound transducer?
Transverse waves in ultrasound are also known as:
Which term describes the ability to perform activities for an extended period of time?
Which modality is designed to produce an isometric contraction and is useful in muscle reeducation?
Energy transmission depends on density changes during which wave phases?
During which phase does blood vessel formation, capillary bedding, capillary arcade formation, and collagen synthesis occur?
Which goal among the orthopedic injury goals focuses on neuromotor performance and coordination?
The signal to the rest of the body that cells have been damaged is produced by which mechanism?
What is the relationship between ultrasound intensity and tissue temperature?
Which section of a SOAP note would contain recommendations for future therapy and timelines?
Which type of inflammation occurs when the inflammatory response cannot eliminate the cause or restore normal function?
Which kind of trauma is classified as microtrauma?
In capacitive field diathermy, where are the electrodes placed?
As you move closer to the transducer, the intensity of the ultrasound waves changes how?
For an acute injury, which ultrasound setting is recommended?
Which is an example of cryotherapy?
During a lower extremity D1 flexion PNF pattern, what movements are taking place at the hip?
Which nonthermal effect is associated with immune response by phagocytosis stimulation?
The point at which something begins to hurt
In phonophoresis, what modality, intensity, and duration are typical?
Bioavailability is defined as what?
The phase of healing focused on tissue strengthening and remodeling is which?
What does phonophoresis accomplish?
Which factor is NOT listed as affecting ultrasound outcomes?
What effect does an increase in tissue resistance have on heating during diathermy?
Cognitive function may be affected by all of the following except:
As the duty cycle of ultrasound approaches 100 percent, the thermal effects tend to which of the following?
Vibration consists of finite, gentle, rhythmic movement of the fingers to vibrate the underlying tissues. It is used for relaxation or stimulation. Which describes Vibration?
Diathermy is defined as the therapeutic use of what to heat deep tissues?
In a general rehab progression, which component typically follows strength training?
Isokinetic training is best defined as generation of a muscular force with visible joint movement that occurs at a constant speed but with variable external resistance.
In the remodeling phase, what occurs to stabilize and restore the injury site?
What is the reported effect of continuous ultrasound on blood flow after treatment?
Which description best characterizes the remodeling phase of wound healing?
Which frequencies are used therapeutically?
Cryokinetics is best described as?
What does bioequivalence compare?
What are the three major types of bacterial infections described?
What does biofeedback provide to support patient progress?
Which term refers to the standard of care that is widely accepted and reproducible?
For fractures, pulsed ultrasound with low intensity for 20 minutes is claimed to increase healing of which types?
Which term describes converting electrical energy into acoustic energy in the transducer?
Which of the following are contraindications to diathermy?
The term "half layer" in ultrasound refers to what?
What are the two types of electrotherapy described?
Which term is the time it takes for the concentration of drug molecules at the site of action to become large enough to cause a noticeable biological response?
During remodeling what is happening?
Which of the following is NOT a source of evidence for evidence-based medicine as described?
In capacitive diathermy, what happens to the treated body part?
Which technique is used to combine results from multiple studies into a single estimate?
Isotonic exercise typically involves which characteristic?
What are the two settings used for ultrasound therapy?
Effleurage is described as which of the following?
Mood disorders include which of the following?
Ice application is typically continued for how long after the injury?
CAT stands for what in evidence-based medicine?
Continuous ultrasound effect on tissue healing includes which outcome?
Which term describes the molecular site where a drug interacts to produce a biological effect, typically a receptor or enzyme?
How deep does 1-MHz ultrasound typically heat tissue?
Which type of knee brace is designed to be used rehabilitatively following surgical repair to allow controlled progressive immobilization?
Which step follows administering a therapeutic intervention in the eight-step process?
The pad (bladder) method is used to accommodate irregularly shaped body parts by filling the pad with what?
Prilosec is an over-the-counter medication used for:
Which statement describes absorption?
Hydrophobic drugs are typically what?
Why should the sound head be moved during ultrasound treatment?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the female athletic triad?
Hydrophilic drugs are characterized by being what?
Examples of chronic injuries include:
Cold application commonly leads to which of the following changes?
Which type of electrical stimulator is considered subsensory?
Which type of repair involves damaged cells being replaced with simpler cells?
What goes in the plan of care portion of a SOAP note?
Phase 2 activities should help maintain which aspects?
Why is exercise important to healing?
In Cryokinetics, the body part is numbed for 10-20 minutes before the initial exercise and alternated numbness and exercise at least how many times?
What is the main component increased during the proliferation phase?
Which process is described as moving scientific knowledge from the research setting into day-to-day clinical practice?
Which statement is true about acetaminophen?
Which brain region is the final destination in the described pain pathway before conscious perception?
Which of the following best describes bone resorption during growth or repair?
Which modality could interfere with radio frequencies?
The Daily Adjustable Progressive Resistance Exercise (DAPRE) technique involves which structure?
Polydipsia is most commonly a symptom of which condition?
Standing waves in therapeutic ultrasound create which effect?
Aspirin dosage used for pain relief and inflammation is typically which?
Which type of clinical trial is considered the best quality of evidence?
Which term describes applying high-quality evidence to patient care?
In electrotherapy, the coupling medium is also called ...
Which statement about ultrasound controversy is true?
In electrical stimulation, electrode size and placement primarily determine what?
In underwater ultrasound, the ideal immersion medium is which of the following?
Which medication is commonly used with ultrasound to enhance diffusion?
According to the cosine law, the maximal therapeutic effect occurs when energy rays strike the body at what angle relative to the tissue surface?
Aspirin is described as the most commonly used drug to relieve pain and inflammation. This statement is best represented by which choice?
What term describes the transfer of research between researchers and practitioners?
MHz stands for what?
During hemostasis and inflammation, what is the main event occurring?
Which movements should be avoided for posterior instability of the glenohumeral joint?
Which option is NOT one of the four integrations for clinical decision making?
After approximately 14 days post-injury, what type of care sets in?
For an acute injury, ultrasound is used with what duty cycle?
Intertrigo refers to which condition?
In a transverse (shear) wave, the particle displacement is:
Reflection in ultrasound is described as waves moving in which direction?
Radiation in therapeutic heating refers to energy transfer in which form?
Continuous ultrasound is associated with thermal effects.
What is a major advantage of HVPCS?
Cystic fibrosis is best described as
In immersion technique, which areas may cause patient discomfort due to pressure?
Which term describes the average energy of a single pulsed ultrasound wave?
When too much energy is concentrated near bone during ultrasound, which symptom may occur?
Which option is not among the common electrode types used in electrotherapy?
Which nerve fiber conducts action potentials the most rapidly?
When ultrasound energy encounters air, approximately what percentage is reflected?
Which scenario is considered a diagnostic imaging use of ultrasound?
Which frequencies are used therapeutically?
During the rarefaction phase of the crystal, density is?
When should ultrasound treatment ideally begin after injury?
Adipose tissue has what kind of effect on ultrasound?
How long does immediate care typically last?
The term that defines the amount of power produced by an ultrasound unit is?
Paranoia is described as which of the following?
The primary purpose of biofeedback is to help patients progress more quickly by:
Which statement describes the capacitive diathermy method?
Which diathermy type is seldom used in the US due to contraindications?
Which anatomical feature is explicitly listed as a contraindication for ultrasound therapy?
Wound healing is enhanced with which ultrasound modality?
What is the recommended management for all open wounds?
Which option is NOT a component of the secondary injury model?
Which description matches the sensory mode of TENS for acute pain?
Which component is described as undergoing compression and rarefaction to generate waves?
What is a major advantage of Inferential Current Therapy over Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)?
What is the typical duration of a cryotherapy session for maximum cooling?
In electrotherapy, what is the purpose of a coupling medium?
Which conditioning component is needed to perceive the position of the foot as it lands on the ground after the swing phase of gait?
The treatment area for ultrasound should be how many times larger than the transducer?
If you limit the treatment area, what is the expected behavior of the waves?
Ultrasound waves are produced when alternating current causes a crystal to do what?
Which massage stroke is superficial, longitudinal toward the heart and helps venous return?
Which of the following is NOT one of the six classes of modalities?
Which type of exercise takes advantage of the stretch-shortening cycle, with rapid stretch followed by rapid concentric contractions?
Electrical stimulating currents are classified into three categories. Which set lists all three correctly?
Conduction is best described as which type of heat transfer?
How long does immediate care last?
Drug distribution refers to the movement of the drug where?
Bone grows via a process of apposition and resorption on its surface. Which cells are responsible for the resorption of bone during its growth or repair?
In the ankle sprain rehab progression, which type of exercise typically follows isometric exercises?
A-delta fiber is defined as which of the following?
Duty cycle approaching 100% results in greater thermal effect. True or False?
In therapeutic modality duty cycles, what value indicates continuous delivery?
Neurapraxia is best described as which of the following?
What is the typical bucket immersion temperature for ice baths?
What is a therapeutic modality?
Endorphin response works where?
Which statement correctly describes the five basic massage strokes?
The phase of injury in which ATP is produced is termed what?
Which pain scale uses descriptors and no numbers?
In the orthopedic injury model, what event occurs directly after leukocytes engulf bacteria?
What is the typical ultrasound frequency range used therapeutically?
Why move the sound head during ultrasound therapy?
Which PNF technique is NOT a strengthening technique?
Pain during treatment can be caused by which of the following?
Which non-opioid analgesic is commonly used for mild to moderate pain and lacks anti-inflammatory properties?
What type of collagen is formed first in the proliferation stage?
The definitions provided describe Personality Disorder as involving disturbances in multiple domains including which of the following?
What is the first step in the eight steps of clinical decision making?
What effect does thermal diathermy have during the inflammatory response?
What are hot whirlpools recommended temperature and duration?
During iontophoresis, which combination of medications and ion charges is described?
Which pain scale is named for a questionnaire used to assess pain quality?
For continuous ultrasound operated underwater, the water should be:
Which set of numbers listed corresponds to the diathermy frequencies in the material?
If energy strikes a body part at an angle away from 90°, what happens to absorption?
Which statement about acetaminophen is true?
Unstable cavitation is best described as gas bubbles that do what under ultrasound exposure?
Which statement best describes the relationship between ultrasound intensity and tissue temperature?
Which mode is used to achieve heating in subacute conditions?
What type of waves does diathermy emit?
Which ultrasound mode delivers energy continuously for the entire treatment time?
Ultrasound energy is absorbed by tissues primarily through which mechanism?
Which term defines the ability of a muscle group to repeatedly exert force against resistance for multiple repetitions?
Spatial peak intensity refers to which characteristic of the ultrasound beam?
A smaller ERA beam is associated with which description?
Pulsed ultrasound is associated with which type of effects?
Pulsed ultrasound intensities are typically in which range?
Functional braces are typically used for what purpose?
What physiological effects occur under the cathode (negative pole) of an electrical stimulator?
What is Raynaud's phenomenon?
Ultrasound effects on nerve conduction include which of the following?
Continuous ultrasound is...
What does RCT stand for in clinical research?
Which statement is NOT listed as an effect of diathermy on blood and fluid dynamics?
CAP stands for which term?
Which class of drugs is described as treating both cold and allergy symptoms?
Cold whirlpools are typically used at what temperature range for how long?
To emphasize nonthermal effects such as micro streaming, which parameter is most important to consider?
What is the storage water temperature range for hydroculator hot packs?
Pulsed Shortwave therapy uses high frequency electromagnetic waves in pulsed mode to produce non-thermal and thermal effects, and is particularly effective for heating what?
Stable cavitation occurs when bubbles
Which interface is most reflective of ultrasound energy?
Which is the deepest form of massage and can loosen adherent fibrous tissue scars?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four aspects of progression in rehab?
Which of the following is not a phase of healing?
What are the four types of sensory nerve fibers?
A commonly cited limitation in diathermy research is that studies tend to be small.
Endorphin response works in which part of the nervous system?
What is the reported effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound for 20 minutes on fracture healing?
After 14 days, what kind of care sets in?
Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) is a modality that primarily moves a joint through a preset arc of motion. It is commonly used after which procedures?
Which modalities are used for deep healing in Phase 3?
Which of the following is NOT a stage of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome?
Which term refers to the specific chemical compound a medicine is made of and is not owned by anyone?
Circuit training is effective for improving which two fitness components?
In pulsed diathermy, what does the controversy revolve around?
Which parameter describes the beam quality in terms of intensity consistency?
In whirlpool therapy, what effect does buoyancy have on the treated limb?
Type of summation that occurs when a number of subthreshold stimuli from same axon are repeated
Diathermy equipment can interfere with which of the following?
Spatial Average Temporal Peak (SATP) intensity is defined as?
To treat a smaller area, which sound head diameter would you select?
Which is a valid direct coupling agent for ultrasound?
The direct coupling method for ultrasound involves applying the transducer with which coupling agents?
Brief-intense TENS is characterized by stimulating C fibers and producing burning, needling sensation with twitch and tetanic contractions; beat frequency varies and intensity is higher than sensory TENS. Which statement is true?
Which muscle is NOT a primary external rotator of the shoulder?
Which of the following best describes ultrasound effects on fibroblast activity during inflammation?
During healing, exercise increases oxygen delivery to tissues by which mechanism?
What is the typical duration for cryotherapy and its continuation period after injury?
What does Specific Absorption Rate measure?
A biphasic electrical current is defined as:
What is the result when ultrasound waves encounter an interface with density differences?
The half-life of a drug refers to which concept?
Why is applying RICE recommended after an injury?
If cellular membranes and organelles are breaking down, this is best described as which?
Ultrasound energy is absorbed by
Cryostretch is defined as alternating cold application, passive stretch, and resistive muscle contraction for rehabilitating which condition?
Tapotement uses which type of movements?
Which characteristic defines high-voltage electrical stimulation?
Which frequency provides deeper tissue penetration?
Wound healing is enhanced with which ultrasound mode?
Standing waves in ultrasound therapy are associated with:
Which of the following is an example of electrotherapy?
During hemostasis and inflammation, what is the main event?
Compression of the piezoelectric crystal results in:
Evaluation describes which process in patient care?
Bone will become damaged if hit by ultrasound because
A contrast bath is used to achieve which physiological effect?
Ultrasound can assist in reabsorption of which deposits in soft tissue?
Type of repair where damaged cells are replaced with simpler cells?
The phase where collagen synthesis and granulation tissue form is which?
Which modality heats deep tissues using high-frequency electromagnetic waves?
Activity on a neuron that when it returns prohibits future activity on that neuron
The pad (bladder) method is used to accommodate irregularly shaped body parts by filling the pad with which substance?
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is designed to do what?
Myasthenia gravis is best described as
Convection is characterized by which statement?
Which drug is used as a muscle relaxant?
What term refers to a reason not to do something in treatment planning?
Where in the spinal cord is the gate control mechanism located according to the theory?
Pulsed diathermy mode is associated with which effect and stage?
Which describes a therapeutic modality?
Which type of ultrasound wave propagates parallel to the direction of travel?
What is the recommended bucket immersion temperature for ice immersion?
Which statement best captures ultrasound research controversies?
Therapeutic ultrasound is contraindicated for fractures involving which area?
What is the generalized model of processes that occur after an acute injury?
Which outcome is typical from massage?
Which term is defined as repetitively moving soft tissue back and forth over the underlying bone with minimal joint movement?
Which term describes the study focusing on how the body influences the drug, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion?
If ultrasound is applied at a lower intensity, what adjustment is suggested?
Pulsed ultrasound on the injury response process is associated with which of the following?
During the healing process, which phase is primarily associated with stopping bleeding?
Which term describes a stimulus that does not reach the threshold to trigger an action potential?
What is the primary goal of Petrissage in massage?
What is the standard treatment time for ice immersion?
Which description matches Personality Disorder?
What is required for the drum method to be effective?
Which category of electrical stimulation uses a continuous, non-pulsed current?
What best describes cryokinetics?
Ultrasound effects on inflammation include which of the following?
Continuous diathermy mode is primarily associated with which effect and stage?
Pulsed ultrasound intensities are associated with which effect at 1.5-2 W/cm2?
1-MHz ultrasound heats tissue to a depth of
Approximately how long after treatment might blood flow increase as a result of ultrasound?
The energy of a pulsed ultrasound wave during its on-time is called what?
Ultrasound waves in tissue are which type of waves?
Effective radiating area refers to what?
What is the therapeutic ultrasound intensity range in watts per square centimeter (W/cm2)?
A peripheral nerve that carries sensations, including nociceptive stimuli that result in acute pain; larger and faster-acting than C fibers.
What are heat-producing currents in the body that are formed by a magnetic field that is externally applied in short-wave diathermy called?
Phonophoresis is best described as:
Fluidotherapy is best described as which kind of modality?
What term describes the action of one agent on another that evokes activity in the receiving structure?
Which content goes in the assessment portion of a SOAP note?
What is a SOAP note?
If hyperventilation does not adequately increase the O2 supply in the blood during aerobic exercise, what must occur to meet the gas exchange demands?
Pregnancy is listed as a contraindication for ultrasound therapy. Which option reflects that?
In superficial wounds treated with diathermy, which practice should be avoided?
An acute injury is best described as which of the following?
Core stability training aims to improve strength, neuromuscular control, power, and endurance of muscles in which regions?
During a D2 extension pattern of the upper extremity, what is the proper timing sequence?
Topical hydrocortisone OTC concentrations are:
Petrissage is best described as which action?
Cryostretch combines cold therapy, static stretching, and which technique?
Which component of the RICE approach is most closely associated with reducing swelling via elevation?
Which frequency is preferred for heating superficial tissues?
Contraindications are defined as situations in which a specific modality should not be used because it may cause harm.
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is thought to work by:
During epitheliazation, the main event is
Inflammation nonthermal diathermy mechanism involves which process?
Which drug is a tetracycline antibiotic?
An example of light therapy is:
What does pulsed ultrasound imply?
Radiation in therapy refers to the transfer of energy in the form of what, without physical contact?
What law states that like charges repel and unlike charges attract?
Which term refers to scheduled drugs with abuse potential that require more stringent distribution, storage, and record-keeping?
What are the two induction configurations used in diathermy?
The largest 1-22 micrometers in diameter nerve fiber; conducts action potentials the most rapidly (5-120 m/sec). Some A fibers are sensory; others have a motor function.
If the treatment area size is small, what is the expected consequence, according to the material?
Cold urticaria presents as which of the following after cold exposure?
Tapotement movements include which of the following?
Which term refers to the practice of standard care and widely used therapies in treatment?
Energy is located on the sound head in which position?
Bone burning will cause a ______ pain
Which term is the study of the mechanism of action of drugs?
Which is a biophysical effect of diathermy?
What heat transfer method does diathermy primarily use?
Which section would document tests and evaluative measures?
Agility is best described as?
A 1 MHz ultrasound beam tends to do what in tissue?
Clonic contraction is characterized by which pattern?
Which intensity range should be kept around for safety?
In partial weight bearing gait (3-point gait), how are crutches used?
As distance increases, the beam becomes more uniform. This statement is:
Which joints are commonly treated with CPM?
Drug excretion involves?
What is the minimum distance required between electrodes in iontophoresis?
In ultrasound, which parameter describes the energy delivered per unit area?
To achieve a larger treated area, which ERA relationship is most appropriate?
Which massage stroke is described as a superficial, longitudinal stroke toward the heart to aid venous return?
Which statement accurately describes how ERA size affects beam directionality?
Acoustical streaming describes
Which therapy uses cold as a treatment to reduce inflammation by lowering tissue temperature?
Pulsed ultrasound uses higher instantaneous intensity due to what reason?
Which actions do the rhomboid muscles perform to stabilize the scapula?
An example of hydrotherapy is:
CAP stands for which term?
Why could diathermy interfere with radio communications?
Which statement best describes typical phonophoresis parameters?
Capacitive diathermy tends to heat tissue more superficially than induction diathermy. True or False?
Where are the plate electrodes placed in capacitive field diathermy?
During proliferation, what is occurring?
Which statement is not described as part of the injury response effects of diathermy?
Permeability increases in blood vessels during which phase of injury?
Which of the following is an example of mechanotherapy?
Friction is described as which of the following?
Cryotherapy is best defined as the therapeutic use of cold accomplished by applying a device or substance cooler than what?
Iontophoresis is used to deliver what therapeutic effect locally?
Which pair are pain nerve fibers according to the material?
Spatial average temporal average intensity is best described as which quantity?
Vibration is best described as which of the following?
In the cable method, how are the cables arranged relative to the body part?
Thermotherapy is best placed in rehab during which phase?
In tissue mechanics, how is stress defined?
Pulsed ultrasound on injury response process is associated with which change?
Which term corresponds to the field describing the time-related processing of a drug by the body, including absorption and elimination?
Electrical therapy is used to:
Which of the following best describes Panic Attacks according to the material?
At the cellular level, ultrasound can cause which change to tissue permeability?
Feedback from the muscles as to what they are doing during a particular activity is known as ______.
What is a commonly cited issue contributing to controversy over diathermy studies?
Which drug is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma?
Which is a primary effect of massage on soft tissues?
Deep thermotherapy involves which of the following?
Acoustical streaming causes which phenomenon?
Typical phonophoresis parameters include:
In isokinetic training, which variable is manipulated while the movement speed remains constant?
Which massage technique is described as a long, gliding stroke that begins and ends a session?
Which exercise modality provides excellent means for rehab?
Which option is NOT listed as a source of evidence for evidence-based practice in the material?
Mental illness is defined as which of the following?
Pulsed diathermy is associated with which healing change?
Nonthermal ultrasound can stimulate which of the following immune-related processes?
Nonthermal diathermy effects on inflammation include which cellular process?
Nonthermal ultrasound is associated with which effect?
Continuous Passive Motion is commonly used after which scenario?
Which term describes a person who facilitates the exchange of knowledge between researchers and practitioners?
There are 4 types of common noxious stimuli, what are they?
Isokinetic Exercise is defined by which characteristic?
In a longitudinal wave, the particle displacement is:
Myasthenia gravis is caused by a defect in the action of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions. This statement is:
Unstable cavitation is characterized by
For the pad (bladder) method, what should you do with the pad?
Which are the four types of sensory nerve fibers listed in the material?
To keep therapy within comfortable limits, intensity should be kept around which range?
Best practice (standard of care) refers to which concept?
The term that describes the inability to fully move a joint due to the length of the muscle is:
Type of summation that occurs when several subthreshold stimuli from the same axon are repeated?
Which criterion is commonly cited as a limitation in ultrasound research?
Inferential Current Therapy (IFC) is characterized by
Which frequency is used for deeper tissue heating?
During the inflammation phase, which occurs?
Which tissue has little effect on ultrasound transmission?
Which is an example of thermotherapy?
Which term correctly describes shear waves?
Which statement best describes SATA intensity?
Injured cells suffer secondary injury from two main causes. What are they?
Which cells are active after an injury to begin building collagen?
Which of the following best lists the four healing modifiers?
Which massage stroke milks deep tissues and increases venous and lymphatic return?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a factor that affects ultrasound?
Which activity demonstrates Plyometric Exercise?
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) units are designed to:
Which modality would be most appropriate for heating deep tissues?
BNR stands for what?
Pulsed output in ultrasound is associated with what effect?
Pulsed ultrasound is characterized by which of the following?
Aspirin is the most commonly used drug to relieve pain and inflammation. A normal dosage is 325 to 650 mg every 4 hours. What is the typical dosage range for aspirin?
Activity on a neuron that when it returns facilitates future activity on that neuron
Neurapraxia typically heals in approximately how long?
Coulomb is defined as ...
During remodeling, wound contraction is well under way, and Type III collagen is converted to Type I collagen to stabilize and restore the injury site.
Adipose tissue has what effect on ultrasound?
What does the acronym RCT stand for in the context of clinical research as described?
Which term describes moving research findings into practical use in healthcare?
Which term describes summation when subthreshold stimuli from the same axon are repeated?
During electrical stimulation, which electrode is the cathode?
Which statement correctly describes the drum method?
DAPRE is characterized by performing maximal repetitions during which sets?
CAT stands for which term in evidence-based practice?
What are the 4 healing modifiers?
Which of the following is a desired therapeutic effect?
Which phenomenon is described as the transfer of radiant energy through space, such as infrared heat, without a medium?
What is a common reason for controversy in diathermy treatment studies?
Which types of meds are most commonly used in the treatment of epilepsy?
Best practice (standard of care, standard therapy) is defined as treating a specific patient's specific condition in the way that will lead to resolution of the condition in the most complete and expedient manner possible; treatment that experts agree is appropriate, accepted, widely used, and reproducible.
Which of the following is a systemic corticosteroid?
Which of the following describes the eight steps in clinical decision making?
How are the electrodes arranged in Inferential Current Therapy to target an area of pain?
Plyometric exercises utilize which sequence?
What is the purpose of cryotherapy in relation to inflammation, swelling, or edema?
Refraction in ultrasound involves waves doing what as they cross an interface?
CAP stands for which of the following?
Periosteal pain during ultrasound exposure typically indicates:
Petrissage consists of pressing and rolling the muscles under the fingers and hands. This milking action over deep tissues increases venous and lymphatic return and removes metabolic waste. Which statement describes Petrissage?
Progression in rehab follows the SAID principle which states the body adapts in specific ways to implied demands. This is known as the:
Therapeutic ultrasound waves are typically described as which combination?
Morton's neuroma is most commonly located between which metatarsals?
What is the most complex pain scale that uses pictures, scales, and words to describe pain?
Which scale uses a straight line with endpoints labeled to indicate pain intensity?
Continuous Passive Motion is a modality that applies an external force to move the joint through a preset arc of motion. It primarily is used postsurgically at the knee, after knee manipulation, or after stable fixation of intra-articular and extra-articular fractures of most joints, such as the hand, wrist, hip, shoulder, elbow, and ankle. What is CPM primarily used for?
For pulsed ultrasound, which combination is most associated with nonthermal effects?
The term 4X4 area in the material most closely describes which shape?
A patient presents with an acute foot injury and an antalgic gait. What should you do first?
During which phase do neutrophils and macrophages arrive at the damage site?
What type of collagen is formed first in the proliferation stage?
Is it true that a longer half-life implies a longer duration of drug effect?
In Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome, which stage is characterized by ongoing adaptation after the initial alarm response?
What is the typical sensation progression during NMES, and what is the minimum pulse rate stated?
Which medication is a cephalosporin?
Enkephalin response blocks gate by interfering with which fibers’ transmission?
In crutch fitting, what distance is recommended between the axilla and the crutch pad?
Contrast bath therapy involves ...
Endorphin and enkephalin are examples of which type of mediators?
Higher frequency ultrasound (3 MHz) will...
Compared with NSAIDs, acetaminophen is not associated with which adverse effect?
Which NSAID is selective for COX-2?
Which is NOT one of the five basic massage strokes?
Nonthermal effects can result in which change to blood flow?
Which information belongs in the objective portion of a SOAP note?
Which information belongs in the subjective portion of a SOAP note?
A chronic injury is ...
During the acute phase, which is a typical use of high-voltage electrical stimulation?
Which gait is described as non weight bearing, often called swing-through gait?
Which term denotes the branding assigned by the manufacturer to the drug?
Which effect relates to healing fractures?
Chemotaxis is defined as what?
Phase 1 begins immediately after injury and may last up to 4 days. What is its primary focus?
Which drug is used to treat gout by lowering uric acid levels?

BOC Domain 4 Treatment and Rehab – Therapeutic Modalities Practice Test

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